OpenNIC

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OpenNIC is a private network information center . It offers an alternative to the traditional domain name systems and top-level domains managed by ICANN (controlled by the US Department of Commerce) . It is not controlled by any national authorities and, according to its own statement, acts democratically.

Top level domains

The OpenNIC project offers a democratically regulated alternative to the traditional top-level domains that are assigned centrally by ICANN . When registering new TLDs, care is taken not to conflict with the ICANN assignments (e.g. .com, .org). This makes it possible for users to use the name servers provided as an alternative by the project to also resolve normal ICANN TLDs.

List of OpenNIC exclusive TLDs
TLD meaning use
.bbs Bulletin Board System
.chan Imageboards (channels) A domain for the imageboard culture
.dyn Dynamic DNS provider
.For Furry Peering with the FurNIC vom Fellig e. V.
.free Free This TLD has been replaced by .libre.
.geek Geek Geek-oriented pages of natural persons (e.g. hobby projects, special interests, etc.).
.glue Internal Architectural Pages of the OpenNIC project architecture (e.g. root server administration, documentation).
.gopher Gopher Sites using the gopher protocol .
.indy Independent Independent information, media and art.
.libre Replacement for .free Strictly non-commercial internet, verified address support and secure protocols
.neo Emo subculture
.zero zero Individual, non-commercial pages of natural persons .
.O General audience
.oss Open source software Pages on which open source software is published or described.
.oz Australian sites In contrast to the official TLD .au, the place of residence does not need to be specified (later this rule was also repealed for .au)
.parody parody
.pirate Created in response to internet censorship . Registerable again since 2004.

There is also peering with New Nations, who provide .uu, .ti, .te and .ku, as well as with the Emercoin system.

Domain name resolution

Domain Name Resolution is the resolution of a domain (example.com) into an IP address (208.77.188.166). This is done by means of so-called, hierarchically structured, domain name servers (zones) at the top of which are usually the root name servers of ICANN and its partners.

When a website is accessed, the following actions are always carried out:

  • The web browser looks up the domain on a DNS server , which is usually specified by the Internet service provider, is automatically obtained by DHCP and provides the associated IP address . The web server can be reached under this
  • The browser connects to the web server and requests the information that the user wants to call up
  • The web server processes the request and delivers the requested information

But since domains of opennic neither of the name servers of the ISP nor of root name servers of ICANN be resolved, must be carried out into his system by the user, a slight intervention. For this, a corresponding understanding of the Internet must be available (at least the knowledge that a domain name system is available) and so one can speak of a "parallel" or "secret" web.

In order that these domains can be resolved into IP addresses, at least one of the OpenNIC DNS servers must be entered in the TCP / IP network configuration of the PC. Alternatively, it is also possible that computers, Internet access and name resolution z. B. provide via DHCP, such as company routers or servers of the Internet provider , can be configured so that the name resolution includes the OpenNIC name servers.

DNS server

OpenNIC provides free, recursive name servers worldwide.

Some examples:

Germany
ns24.de.dns.opennic.glue
  • 5.9.49.12 (IPv4)
  • 2a01: 4f8: 161: 4109 :: 6 (IPv6)
Italy
ns1.it.dns.opennic.glue
  • 193.183.98.154 (IPv4)
  • 2a00: dcc0: eda: 98: 183: 193: d85a: 389b (IPv6)
Spain
ns1.bcn.es.dns.opennic.glue
  • 109.69.8.34 (IPv4)
Worldwide ( anycast )
ns1.any.dns.opennic.glue
  • 185.121.177.177 (IPv4)
  • 2a05: dfc7: 5 :: 53 (IPv6)
Worldwide ( anycast )
ns3.any.dns.opennic.glue
  • 169.239.202.202 (IPv4)
  • 2a05: dfc7: 5353 :: 53 (IPv6)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ wiki.opennic.org
  2. ↑ PC Magazin : Open NIC - the secret web , March 2nd, 2009
  3. ↑ Sponsored TLDs. In: wiki.opennic.org. Retrieved May 5, 2017 .
  4. ↑ FurNIC. (No longer available online.) In: www.nic.fur. Formerly in the original ; accessed on May 22, 2017 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.nic.fur  
  5. ↑ .oz TLD. In: wiki.opennic.org. Retrieved October 11, 2015 .
  6. ↑ discuss - [opennic-discuss] Soft Launch: dotPirate - arc. In: lists.opennicproject.org. Retrieved October 11, 2015 .
  7. ↑ new nations. In: new-nations.net. Retrieved May 22, 2017 .
  8. ↑ Emercoin - Distributed block chain services for business and personal use. In: emercoin.com. Retrieved May 22, 2017 .
  9. ↑ wiki.opennic.org