Ordoño I. (Asturias)
Ordoño I (* 821 in Oviedo ; † May 27, 866 in Oviedo) was King of Asturias from 850 to 866 . He was the son and successor of King Ramiro I. His mother cannot have been Queen Paterna, whom Ramiro had only married in 842; Ordoño was either from a previous marriage or from an illegitimate relationship.
Soon after he took office there was a Basque uprising , and when he was on a campaign to overthrow it, a Muslim army attacked. According to the Asturian chronicles that glorify Ordoño (written in the time of his son and successor), he mastered this difficult situation militarily.
In the emirate of Córdoba a revolt broke out in Toledo after the accession of emir Muhammad I in 852. The insurgents asked Ordoño for help. He sent an army, which got into an ambush with the insurgents and was defeated by Muhammad in the battle of the Río Guadacelete. The Asturian chroniclers kept silent about this defeat.
In 858/859 Normans undertook a raid on the coast of the Asturian Empire, which according to an Asturian chronicle ( Crónica Albeldense ) was repulsed.
In the decades before Ordoño took office, the power of the Banu Qasi had consolidated in the Ebro Valley , a family of Gothic origin who converted to Islam and whose head was the important military leader Musa ibn Musa ibn Furtun in Ordoño's time. Musa rebelled repeatedly against the Emir of Córdoba and after successful campaigns wanted to establish himself as the “third king in Spain” (next to the Emir and Ordoño). Ordoño turned against him and defeated him in the Battle of Albelda in 859, whereupon Musa's son Lope (Latin Lupus), who then had Toledo in his power, surrendered to Ordoño and fought at his side against the emir in the future. The Asturians dared bold campaigns against the emirate, during which they captured the cities of Talamanca (province of Madrid) and Coria (province of Cáceres), among others .
Ordoño ensured the security and repopulation ( Repoblación ) of the depopulated newly conquered areas of Tui , Astorga , Amaya and (in 856) León .
According to a late source of dubious credibility, Ordoño's wife's name was said to be Mumadona. Besides his successor Alfons III. calls this source, the Chronicle Sampiros, three other sons of Ordoños, who allegedly later rebelled against their brother. The reliability of this information is controversial.
Source editions
- Yves Bonnaz (Ed.): Chroniques asturiennes . Éditions du CNRS, Paris 1987, ISBN 2-222-03516-3 (Latin text of the main sources with French translation and detailed commentary)
- Juan Gil Fernández (Ed.): Crónicas asturianas . Oviedo 1985, ISBN 84-600-4405-X (Latin text and Spanish translation)
literature
- Paulino García Toraño: Historia de el Reino de Asturias . Oviedo 1986, ISBN 84-398-6586-4 , pp. 259-282
- Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz: Orígenes de la nación española , Volume 3, Instituto de Estudios Asturianos, Oviedo 1975, ISBN 84-00-04168-2 , pp. 129-393
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Ramiro I. |
King of Asturias 850–866 |
Alfons III |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ordoño I. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | King of Asturias (850–866) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 9th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 27, 866 |
| Place of death | Oviedo |