Banu Qasi

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The emirate of Banu Qasi and the allied kingdom of Pamplona in the 10th century

Banu Qasi ( Arabic بنو قاسي, DMG Banū Qāsī ) was the name of a Basque (according to other sources Gothic) Muladí dynasty that ruled Tudela (Navarre) and its surroundings, including Olite and Arnedo , in the 8th and 10th centuries . The area was conquered by the Saragossa Taifa in the 11th century . The progenitor of the patrilineally organized dynasty was a Hispano-Roman or Visigothic Count Cassius .

history

The Banu Qasi, who converted to Islam , were governors of Pamplona at the end of the 8th century and by that time were already related by marriage to a Christian family in the area: Musa ibn Musa , who was head of the family in the first half of the 9th century, and Iñigo Arista , from 822 until 852 (now Christian) King of Pamplona, ​​were half-brothers through their mother. These and other cross-denominational connections meant that the autonomous emirate of the Banu Qasi was and remained an important ally of the Kingdom of Pamplona, ​​the forerunner of Navarre . Both states buffered each other from invasions from the largest Christian and Muslim states in the region. They stood by each other from the beginning, even when they succeeded together in 824 in defeating the Franks in the third battle of Roncesvalles .

In the years around 918 announced Sancho I of Navarre alliance with the Banu Qasi factually and conquered large parts of the upper Ebro valley, but he lost along with his allies Ordoño II. Of León in the year 920 Battle of Valdejunquera against an army of Abd ar-Rahmans III. But already in the following year he conquered large areas in the Iregua Valley , including the castle of Viguera . After losing Tudela to Saragossa, the Banu Qasi initially managed to establish a new domain in Alpuente ( Aragón ). Alfonso I of Aragon recaptured Tudela ( reconquista ) in 1115 and placed the city's Muslim (and Jewish) community under his protection. After the conquest of Navarre by Castile and Aragón between 1512 and 1522, however, the Muslim inhabitants were forced to emigrate or convert .

Tribe list

  1. Cassius , Count, Visigoth, Lord on the Ebro above Saragossa ( Tarazona , Ejea , Nájera ), converted to Islam around 713
    1. Abu Tahir
    2. Fortun
      1. Musa ibn Fortún (Musa I.), † 802, head of the family, lord of Tudela, Ejea, Tarazona, Borja , Arnedo etc .; ⚭ 784 Oneca, widow of Iñigo Jiménez ( house Jiménez ) - their son Iñigo Arista became the first (Christian) king of Pamplona in 822 with the help of his half-brother Musa ibn Musa (see below)
        1. Mutarrif ibn Musa , † murdered 799, governor of Pamplona
        2. Fortun
        3. Musa ibn Musa (Musa II.), † 862, head of the family, lord (governor) of Tudela and Saragossa; ⚭ 1. (812) Assona Iñiguez, daughter of Iñigo Jiménez ( House Jiménez ) and NN (not Oneca, see above); ⚭ 2nd Maymona
          1. Mutarrif; ⚭ Falasqueta
            1. Muhammad
            2. Musa
            3. Lubb (Lope)
          2. Lubb ibn Musa (Lubb I), governor of Toledo around 859
            1. Muhammad I.
              1. Mutarrif
              2. Lubb ibn Muhammad (Lubb II.)
                1. Fortun
                2. 3 daughters; ⚭ Jimeno, Fortún and Sancho Iñiguez, sons of Iñigo Garcés , King of Pamplona ( House of Jiménez )
              3. Abdallah ibn Muhammad, head of the family, Wali of Tudela;
                1. Muhammad
                2. Fortun
                3. Daughter, baptized Urraca in 924; ⚭ Fruela II. El Leproso King of Asturias , † 925 ( House of Cantabria )
          3. Fortun
            1. Ismail
          4. Ismail
            1. Muhammad
              1. Lubb
          5. Oria
        4. Yunus
        5. Lubb
        6. Yuwartas
        7. Garsiya
      2. Zahir
    3. Abu Salama
    4. Yunus
    5. Yahya

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