Orkopf
The Orkopf is a shoal near the Stiegener Enge, at the outflow of the Rhine from Lake Constance .
At this point, Lake Constance narrows to form a system of channels and banks made of sea chalk and gravel . In the area of the shallows, piles were settled through aerial photographs and divers' observations, which indicate a lower water level during the Stone and Bronze Ages . The site discovered between Öhningen in Baden-Württemberg and Eschenz in Switzerland can be compared with the prehistoric settlements on the island of Werd near Stein am Rhein in Switzerland.
The finds as well as dendrochronological and 14 C dates show that the place was used in the early and late Neolithic (3900 BC to 3100 BC), in the early Bronze Age and probably also in the Roman Age. A stone anchor , a stone net countersink , a rudder blade and the iron fitting of a boat hook indicate intensive fishery use from the Stone Age to prehistoric times.
The investigations were carried out as part of the mapping of pile dwellings, which is required for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List. In 2008 the monument was included in the Interreg IV project "Bank erosion and monument protection: development of options for the preservation of the cultural heritage in the shallow water zone of Lake Constance and Lake Zurich".
literature
- M. Mainburger & M. Schnyder: " New prehistoric villages in the outflow of Lake Constance" In: Archeology Switzerland 32 2009.1, p. 14ff (PDF file; 5.40 MB)
- Ute Seifel and Bodo Dieckmann: On the border - the pile dwellings on the Orkopf near Öhningen in “Archaeological treasures in the Konstanz district”, chapter “The Bronze Age - a society is changing” . 1st edition. Michael Greuter, Hilzingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-938566-15-2 .
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 39 '12 " N , 8 ° 53' 5" E ; CH1903: 708640 / 279077