Pāramitā
Pāramitā ( skt. पारमिता, Pāramitā) are the so-called transcendent virtues in Buddhism , which lead to the other (para) shore (mita) of wisdom, i.e. to awakening .
One speaks, especially in the Mahayana tradition, of six Pāramitā, sometimes, especially in Theravada , of ten Pāramī.
The six virtues in the Lotus Sutra of Mahayana are:
- Generosity ( Dāna paramita , Chinese: 布施 波羅蜜),
- ethical guidelines ( Śīla paramita , 持戒 波羅蜜),
- Patience ( Kṣānti (kshanti) paramita , 忍辱 波羅蜜),
- energetic effort ( Vīrya paramita , 精進 波羅蜜),
- Meditation ( Dhyāna paramita , 禪定 波羅蜜),
- Wisdom ( Prajñā paramita , 智慧 波羅蜜 or 般若 波羅蜜).
Ten Pāramī are known in Theravada:
- Dāna Pāramī : generosity, generosity,
- Sīla Pāramī : ethical behavior, morality,
- Nekkhamma Pāramī: voluntary renunciation, renunciation,
- Paññā Pāramī : wisdom,
- Viriya (also Vīriya) Pāramī: willpower,
- Khanti Pāramī: patience,
- Sacca Pāramī: Truthfulness,
- Adhiṭṭhāna Pāramī: steadfastness, determination,
- Mettā Pāramī : compassionate kindness, loving kindness,
- Upekkhā Pāramī : equanimity.
See also
Web links
- StudyBuddhism.com: Overview of the Six Perfections: The Six Paramitas
- StudyBuddhism.com: The Ten Far Reaching Attitudes in Theravada, Mahayana, and Bon
- A Treatise on the Paramis: From the Commentary to the Cariyapitaka by Acariya Dhammapala translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Bodhi zugangzureinsicht.org