PHQ-2

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The PHQ-2 is a two-question psychodiagnostic test for major depression screening .

It is an ultra-short form of ( PHQ-9 ) and comprises the first two questions of (PHQ-9), the complete depression module of the PHQ-D. The PHQ-2 thus focuses on the two main criteria of major depression according to DSM-IV, namely

  • Loss of interest and
  • dejected mood.

Structure of the PHQ-2

Specifically, the PHQ-2 asks how often in the last two weeks one has felt impaired by a loss of interest and joy (question 1) as well as by depression, melancholy or hopelessness (question 2). Possible answers are

  • "not at all",
  • "at some days",
  • “On more than half the days” and
  • "almost every day",

to which the numerical values ​​0 to 3 are assigned accordingly.

PHQ-2

Evaluation of the PHQ-2

The values ​​on both questions are added so that the total value can have values ​​from 0 to 6. Higher values ​​represent more severe depressive symptoms. A cut-off value of ≥ 3 was described as optimal for screening.

Test diagnostic quality criteria of the PHQ-2

Criterion validity

With a cut-off value of ≥ 3, a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 78% were reported for the diagnosis of major depression. The sensitivity and specificity for all depressive disorders is 79% and 56% respectively with a cut-off value of ≥ 3

Reliability

According to Cronbach, the internal consistency is α = .83

Change sensitivity

In a study with 167 patients, the PHQ-2 showed great effects in terms of change sensitivity compared to the SKID-I as the gold standard.

Comparative values

In a study with 520 patients, comparative values ​​were reported for 71 patients with major depression, 132 patients with depressive disorder and 317 patients without depressive disorder. In patients with major depression, the mean PHQ-2 value was 4.7 (SD = 1.5), in patients with a depressive disorder it was 3.4 (SD = 1.7) and in patients without a depressive disorder it was 1.4 (SD = 1.3).

Notes on usage authorization

The PHQ-D and its subscales are freely available and free of charge and can be used for non-commercial purposes without charge. When using the PHQ-D or a short form, the German version of the instrument must be quoted correctly when the data generated is published.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ K. Kroenke, RL Spitzer, JB Williams, PO Monahan, B. Löwe: Anxiety disorders in primary care: prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection. In: Annals of Internal Medicine . 146, 2007, pp. 317-325.
  2. ↑ a b c d e B. Löwe, K. Kroenke, K. Gräfe: Detecting and monitoring depression with a 2-item questionnaire (PHQ 2). In: J Psychosom Res. 58, 2005, pp. 163-171.