Parti libéral du Québec
| Parti libéral du Québec | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Party leader | Philippe Couillard |
| founding | July 1, 1867 |
| Headquarters | Montreal / Québec |
| Alignment |
Liberalism federalism |
| Parliament seats |
68/125 |
| Website | www.plq.org |
The Parti libéral du Québec (PLQ, English Quebec Liberal Party ) is a liberal political party in the Canadian province of Québec . Since the last election on April 7, 2014, she has 70 out of 125 seats in the National Assembly of Québec and governs with an absolute majority. The party leader Philippe Couillard is prime minister.
Although the PLQ has a similar ideological orientation to the Liberal Party of Canada at the federal level, the two parties have been completely organizationally independent since 1955. She has always been in favor of Québec remaining in the Canadian Confederation and rejects the independence of the province. It once supported a strong role for the state in the economy, but in recent years its economic policy has moved more towards a free market economy due to national debt. The PLQ has by far the greatest approval among the non-francophone minority in the province and in the greater Montreal area . The PLQ is the only party in Québec that has existed continuously since the province was founded in 1867.
history
The Parti libéral was created in 1867 out of two previous parties: first, the Parti canadien (also Parti patriote called), the 1837 Lower Canada Rebellion had supported, on the other hand rouge Parti , which advocated the autonomy and power of the Catholic Church in Lower Canada wanted to restrict. For the first twenty years the Liberals were in opposition to the ruling Parti conservateur du Québec , with the exception of an 18-month period in 1878/79. However, the situation changed in 1885 when the conservative federal government had Louis Riel , the leader of the French-speaking Métis , executed for high treason. This measure met with overwhelming rejection in Québec and increased the opposition to the Anglo-Canadians. The liberals under Honoré Mercier profited from the general dissatisfaction and formed the government from 1887. Four years later, Mercier was forced to resign over a scandal, but was later acquitted of all charges.
In 1897, the Liberals again succeeded the Conservatives as the strongest party and were in government for the next 39 years. Lomer Gouin and Louis-Alexandre Taschereau both had reigns of more than 15 years. In 1935 the conservatives under Maurice Duplessis and dissident liberals united to form the Union nationale , which won the elections in 1936. The Action libérale national , which had split off in 1934 from the PLQ, also the Union joined national on. Although the Liberals were in government again from 1939, they were again in the opposition from 1944 to 1960. Jean Lesage led the party to an election victory in 1960. This was the beginning of the silent revolution ( révolution tranquille ), which changed Québec society from the ground up and broke the power of the Catholic Church. A nationalist wing was formed around René Lévesque , who split off from the PLQ; from this the Parti Québécois developed .
Robert Bourassa was Prime Minister from 1970, but lost the 1976 elections to Lévesques Parti Québecois. The Liberals successfully fought the Québec referendum in 1980 , which called for independence negotiations with the federal government. From 1985 Bourassa was again Prime Minister. He convinced the conservative federal government of Brian Mulroney to recognize Québec in the Canadian Constitution as a "differing society" and to grant the provinces more autonomy. But neither the Meech Lake Accord nor the Charlottetown Accord could be ratified. Many members turned away disappointed and founded the Action démocratique du Québec , as the PLQ had largely given up its earlier demands for more autonomy in the negotiations for the second failed constitutional reform.
Although the party was back in opposition from 1994, it successfully campaigned against the independence of the province in the 1995 Québec referendum . From 2003 the PLQ formed the government and moved to the right inter Jean Charest , a former member and minister of the federal progressive-conservative party . In 2012, the PLQ was relegated to the opposition and Charest lost his own seat in parliament. When the Parti Québécois called early elections in 2014 after only 19 months in office and lost them, the Liberals under Philippe Couillard were able to regain a majority.
Election results
Results of the National Assembly elections:
|
|
Party leader
| Surname | Chair | premier |
|---|---|---|
| Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière | 1867-1883 | 1878-1879 |
| Honoré Mercier | 1883-1892 | 1887-1891 |
| Félix-Gabriel Marchand | 1892-1900 | 1897-1900 |
| Simon-Napoléon Parent | 1900-1905 | 1900-1905 |
| Lomer Gouin | 1905-1920 | 1905-1920 |
| Louis-Alexandre Taschereau | 1920-1936 | 1920-1936 |
| Adelard Godbout | 1936-1948 | 1936, 1939-1944 |
| Georges-Émile Lapalme | 1950-1958 | |
| Jean Lesage | 1958-1970 | 1960-1966 |
| Robert Bourassa | 1970-1976 | 1970-1976 |
| Gérard D. Lévesque (interim) | 1976-1988 | |
| Claude Ryan | 1978-1982 | |
| Gérard D. Lévesque (interim) | 1982-1983 | |
| Robert Bourassa | 1983-1994 | 1985-1994 |
| Daniel Johnson | 1994-1998 | 1994 |
| Jean Charest | 1998-2012 | 2003-2012 |
| Jean-Marc Fournier (interim) | 2012-2013 | |
| Philippe Couillard | since 2013 | since 2014 |
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Élections générales. Le directeur général des élections du Québec, 7 April 2014, accessed on 10 April 2014 (French).