Partito operaio socialista in Austria

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The Partito operaio socialista in Austria was a socialist , political party in Austria-Hungary .

history

The Social Democratic Labor Party , founded in 1888, saw itself as a representative of the workers' movement in Cisleithania . Nevertheless, independent social democratic or socialist parties gradually emerged in the non-German-speaking parts of the Habsburg monarchy. In Trieste, a socialist association is said to have existed as early as 1869 with the "Associazione operaia di risparmio e mutuo soccorso", a socialist club was dissolved in 1881 by the authorities. The first long-standing socialist association in Trieste was the "Confederazione operaia internazionale a Trieste" founded in 1888, but which was also officially dissolved in 1891. In September 1894, socialists from Trieste finally founded the political association “Lega sociale-democratia”, which from February 1895 published the newspaper Il lavoratore . Since the Austrian social democracy in Cisleithanien began to organize on a national basis, the Italian socialists in the coastal country joined forces in 1902 to form the “Sezione italiana Adriatica del Partito operaio socialista in Austria”.

After the social democracy had barely gained a foothold in Trentino before the 1890s , Trieste social democrats began to campaign for the cause of social democracy in Trentino. Antonio Guerin , for example, found favor with Italian workers in Merano in 1894 and the "Associazione socialdemocratica fra Bolzano, Trento e Rovereto" was founded in the same year. In their place of study in Graz, Italian students such as Cesare Battisti from Trient and Antonio Piscel from Rovereto joined forces in 1892 to form the “Società Studenti Trentini”, which were commissioned by the social democratic party to promote the party among the Italian workers in Graz. Guerin published in Vienna with the assistance of Battisti in 1895 with "L'avvenire", the first social democratic newspaper for the Trentino, the newspaper being published as L'avvenire del lavoratore in Rovereto and later in Riva and Trento from October 1896 . After their return to Trentino, Battisti and Piscel, together with the Milanese student Lino Sartori, were able to successfully promote social democracy among the industrial workers. As a result, a workers' association was founded in Rovereto in 1896 and May rallies followed in Trento and Rovereto in 1897. On the VI. At the Congress of the Austrian Social Democrats, a Trentino Socialist took part for the first time with Piscel and on September 26, 1897 the "Italian Section for Trentino, Tyrol and Vorarlberg" held its first congress in Trento. While the Austrian Social Democrats strived for nationally delimited self-governing bodies within Austria-Hungary, the members of the “Partito Socialista trentino” advocated an autonomous Trentino within Italy.

Together, the sections for the coastal region and Trentino formed from 1907 the “Partio operaio socialista in Austria”, whose party members were referred to as “Italian Social Democrats” to distinguish them from the German Social Democrats. With Augusto Avancini (1907-1911) and Cesare Battisti (1911-1916) from the constituency Tirol 6 , the Italian Social Democrats from Trentino presented one member in the House of Representatives of the Austrian Imperial Council , the Italian Social Democrats in Trieste was with Valentino Pittoni and Giovanni Oliva from the electoral districts of Trieste 1 and 4 send two members to the Reichsrat. However, the Italian Social Democrats did not form an independent club, but were interns in the "Club of German Social Democrats".

literature

  • Branko Marušič: The association's activity in the Austrian coastal region (Trieste, Görz-Gradisca, Istria). In: The Habsburg Monarchy 1848–1918. Volume VIII. Political Public and Civil Society. 1st subband. Associations, parties and interest groups as carriers of political participation. Vienna 2006, pp. 541-585. ISBN 978-3-7001-3540-1
  • Hanns Haas: Political, cultural and economic groups in western Austria, Upper Austria, Salzburg, Tyrol, Vorarlberg. In: The Habsburg Monarchy 1848–1918. Volume VIII. Political Public and Civil Society. 1st subband. Associations, parties and interest groups as carriers of political participation. Vienna 2006, pp. 227–395. ISBN 978-3-7001-3540-1
  • Gerhard Oberkofler: The beginnings of the labor movement in Trentino. In: Helmut Konrad (ed.): The German and Austrian workers' movement at the time of the Second International. Minutes of the bilateral symposium GDR-Austria from September 30 to October 3, 1981 in Linz. Europaverlag, Vienna 1982, pp. 67–88. (Materials on the Labor Movement, No. 24)
  • Gerhard Oberkofler: The Tyrolean workers' movement. From the beginning to World War II. Europaverlag, Vienna 1979 (materials on the labor movement, No. 13)