Pasternik
Pasternik (German Zittel ) was a village in Poland . It was closed in the 1960s and was located in the area of today's Bogatynia municipality in the open pit of the Turów mine .
location
The place was located between Zittau and Bogatynia immediately to the east of Biedrzychowice Górne (formerly Friedersdorf ) and was only separated from the latter village by the Mühlgraben.
history
The time when the village was founded is unknown. Zittel was the seat of a manor that the city of Zittau acquired in 1380. According to a legend, there was an old castle belonging to the von Zittel family on the wall, of which no remains have been preserved. The residents were mostly cottagers and linen and calico weavers. In Zittel there were two farm estates, two semi-estates and a schnapps distillery. The sheep farm belonging to the manor was located at the Friedersdorfer Bridge.
Zittel had its own local judge and was originally parish in Oberullersdorf , but after the Thirty Years' War the town had its own ecclesiastical constitution. When the Protestant pastor of Ullersdorf and Christian Keimann's father , Zacharias Keimann, was expelled during the Counter-Reformation in 1628, the pastor's post remained vacant for over a year and a half. This led to the fact that the people of Zittel visited the church in the neighboring village of Friedersdorf for church services, confession and last supper, and eventually had their own church stalls. Even after the pastorate in Oberullersdorf was reoccupied, the residents continued to stick to the nearby church and no longer went to Ullersdorf, which is on the Bohemian border. This led to a dispute that the council in Zittau tried to resolve by ordering its subjects in Zittel in 1682 to visit the church in Kleinschönau in future .
Nevertheless, most of the people from Zittel went to the church in Friedersdorf for the services, and only a few to Kleinschönau. Communion was given by the Kleinschönau pastor, while the Oberullersdorf clergyman held communions for the sick. The Oberullersdorf pastor came to Zittel for the baptisms to carry out in Kretscham , where a specially created baptismal room was kept. The weddings and funerals take place in the Oberullersdorf church. In order to end this situation, the parish was changed to Friedersdorf in 1836. In 1772 the place had 105 inhabitants, in 1820 Zittel consisted of 18 houses in which 90 people lived.
When the manors were replaced , the village on the old trade route from Zittau to Friedland became an independent municipality in 1856. In the second half of the 19th century, the mining of lignite began in Zittel . The works were smaller civil engineering works that were not operated particularly successfully by farm owners.
With the construction of the Zittau – Reichenau narrow-gauge railway , Zittel received a stop in 1884. In 1925 Zittel had 168 residents. In 1930, the town belonging to the Zittau administration was incorporated into Friedersdorf .
After the Second World War, the place came to Poland and remained a part of the municipality of Biedrzychowice Górne. The railway operation, which was discontinued in 1945, started up again the following year, but only between Sieniawka and Bogatynia and was discontinued in 1961 due to the expansion of the Turów opencast mine . Pasternik was dissolved at the end of the 1960s and dredged after 1970.
literature
- Tilo Böhmer / Marita Wolff: In the Zittauer Zipfel. Historical foray through Reichenau and its surroundings. , Lusatia-Verlag, Bautzen 2001, ISBN 3-929091-85-2
- Carl Gottlob Moráwek : History of Pethau and Zittel as two of the smallest villages belonging to the city of Zittau . Seyfert, Zittau 1852 ( digitized version )
- Carl Gottlob Moráwek: History of Friedersdorf, Gießmannsdorf and Zittel , Zittau 1863
- August Schumann : State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony (completed by Albert Schiffner ), 1826 a. 1833
Web links
- Zittel in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Coordinates: 50 ° 54 ' N , 14 ° 54' E