Peterstor (Regensburg)
The Peterstor was one of the six large gates of the medieval city fortifications of Regensburg . The gate system was located where the Fröhliche-Türken-Straße led out of the city. Today this street joins St.-Peters-Weg, which follows the former course of the city wall. The Peterstor stood at the former location of the south gate ( Porta Decumana ) of the Roman legion camp Castra Regina . The old name of the gate system Weih Sankt Peters Tor can be traced back to a small Schottenkloster lying outside the city wall during the construction of the gate system , which was destroyed in 1552 by the imperial colonel Philipp von Eberstein in the context of the Schmalkaldic War . The stone material was used to build two bastions , the Petersbastei (today: Am Königshof ) and the Emmeram Bastion (today in the park near St. Emmeram Castle ) to the east .
The wall of the Roman legionary camp was expanded in 920 AD by the Bavarian Duke Arnulf I, first in the west and north and then after 1320 also in the east and reinforced by several towers and gate systems fortified with towers. A kennel , a kennel wall and a 20 m wide and 8 m deep city moat were placed in front of the two meter thick inner wall . The bottom of the trench can still be seen on the Am Peterstor 3 property, which was newly built with a tower house in 2015. In the years 1632/33 horn works and bastions were built in front of all the gates of the city wall as fortifications, which remained in their partially destroyed state until the end of the 18th century. A particularly large horn factory was erected in front of the Peterstor, stretching over 100 m to today's Fürst-Anselm-Allee .
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Inside the former so-called gate guard house at Am Peterstor 1a (today a café), there are still remnants of the Roman wall and the medieval city wall, which were connected to one another in the south of the city. The gate system consisted of three irregularly placed towers, which were grouped around an arsenal within the kennel. The gate system was entered through the inner gate and left over a wooden bridge through a second, arched gate, which was provided with a southern wooden extension with car and pedestrian passage and a low outer gate tower with drawbridge and winding mechanism. Around 1755 the wooden extensions and the stone bridge were rebuilt. The old stone bridge is still preserved in the substructure of the Petersweg.
The foundations of the eastern of the two side towers, the very high so-called Hochwart Tower, have been preserved in the lower area of the house at Am Peterstor 3. With its square floor plan, this tower cut through the Zwinger wall and was half in the ditch. The western tower, the so-called Gießübel - a Swabian expression for a perforated wooden box with which people were submerged under water - was integrated into the city wall and built with dungeons. It was notorious and feared as a prison for serious criminals. When Napoleonic troops attacked Regensburg in April 1809 , the southern area of the city and the residential areas there were heavily shelled by French artillery. The Peterstor and the city walls there, on which escaping Austrian troops had holed up, were badly damaged. The Peterstor remained in ruins until 1875. After appeals to rebuild the gate were unsuccessful and the Jakobstor had been demolished 60 years earlier, the ruins of the Peterstor were also removed in a lengthy demolition work.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Karl Bauer: Regensburg. Art, culture and everyday history ; MZ-Buchverlag, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-86646-300-4 . Pp. 535, 540 f.
- ^ Karl Bauer: Regensburg. Art, culture - and everyday history. MZ-Buchverlag, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-86646-300-4 . P. 946.