Piri (musical instrument)
Piri , even p'iri , is a woodwind instrument with double reed , which in the Korean music is played.
The piri consists of a cylindrical bamboo tube ( kwantae ) with seven finger holes on the front and a thumb hole on the back. As a mouthpiece about seven centimeters long double reed is ( as stated). The oboe instrument belongs to the one-piece straight type with a large reed that is widespread in Asia. It is related to the Chinese guan , the Japanese hichiriki , the duduk played mainly in Armenia and the Turkish mey . In contrast, the piri little in common with the two other Asian oboes types: one-piece, slightly bulbous in the middle of instruments with small-reed (this includes the Thai pi nai and the Cambodian sralai ) and the tapered conical oboe from surnai - type with attached bell . The latter includes the Korean oboe taepyeongso , which is only played outdoors because of its penetrating sound. The piri , along with the pipa lute and the historical konghu harp , which came to Japan as the kugo , are imported musical instruments.
Four types can be distinguished according to size and use:
- The hyang piri ( hangeul : 향피리 , hanja : 鄕 觱 篥 , Korean piri) is 27 centimeters long and has a loud and nasal sound. It plays the main melody in court music, shamanic ritual music, secular folk music and is used for the solo instrumental pieces Sanjo . The lowest note is A, the range is one decime .
- The se piri (hangeul: 세피리 , hanja: 細 觱 篥 , small oboe) is smaller, sounds softer and is played for lyrical musical styles (chamber music) to accompany singing or together with stringed instruments.
- The tang piri (hangeul: 당피리 , hanja: 唐 觱 篥 , Chinese piri) is thicker and shorter than the most common hyang piri, it is only used for Chinese music. The lowest note is c 1 . The highest note a 2 is achieved by overblowing .
- The rare tae piri (hangeul: 대 피리 ) is thicker, longer and sounds an octave lower than the hyang piri .
The German-Korean composer Yun I-sang named a solo composition from 1971 for the oboe Piri . His aim was to use the western oboe to express the traditional way of playing the piri and the spiritual content of this music, which is rooted in Daoism . He processed the Korean idea that the piri is an instrument of the soul.
literature
- Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in the past and present . Part 1, 1994, Col. 738
Web links
- asien-zuhause.ch photo. From left to right: hyang piri, tang piri and se piri