Political input and political output

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Input political or policy-input referred in political science, the inputs, the input into the policy and decision-making processes. This can consist, for example, in the articulation and communication of political interests. In contrast, political output or policy output stands for the results of political decision-making processes or a political system in general . Examples of political output are legislation , administrative measures and decisions, and political personnel decisions. The terms are borrowed from the input-output model , which David Easton in particular transferred to political systems. According to an input-output model of the political system analysis, the political input is processed into binding decisions, the political output , under the influence of system-internal factors, the withinput , which can consist , for example, in voting rules or political-administrative framework conditions .

When it comes to questions of legitimacy , a distinction is often made between input legitimacy and output legitimacy. Output legitimacy is based on the recognition and worthiness of the political results, while input legitimacy means legitimacy on the basis of recognition and recognition of the political input. In democracy theory , too , a distinction is made between input-oriented and output-oriented approaches.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Cf. Manfred G. Schmidt : Input. In: ders .: Dictionary on Politics (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 404). 2nd, completely revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-520-40402-8 , p. 319.
  2. ↑ See Arno Waschkuhn: Input. In: Dieter Nohlen and Rainer-Olaf Schultze (eds.): Lexicon of Political Science. Theories, methods, terms. Volume 1, CH Beck, Munich 2002, p. 352.
  3. ↑ a b Cf. Manfred G. Schmidt: Output. In: ders .: Dictionary on Politics (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 404). 2nd, completely revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-520-40402-8 , p. 506.
  4. ↑ See Klaus Schubert: Output. In: Dieter Nohlen and Rainer-Olaf Schultze (eds.): Lexicon of Political Science. Theories, methods, terms. Volume 2, CH Beck, Munich 2002, p. 605 f.
  5. ^ Manfred G. Schmidt: Input-Output-Model. In: ders .: Dictionary on Politics (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 404). 2nd, completely revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-520-40402-8 , p. 319.
  6. ^ Cf. Manfred G. Schmidt: Withinput. In: ders .: Dictionary on Politics (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 404). 2nd, completely revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-520-40402-8 , p. 805.
  7. ↑ Manfred G. Schmidt: Input legitimacy. In: ders .: Dictionary on Politics (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 404). 2nd, completely revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-520-40402-8 , p. 319.
  8. ↑ Manfred G. Schmidt: Output legitimacy. In: ders .: Dictionary on Politics (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 404). 2nd, completely revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-520-40402-8 , p. 506.
  9. ↑ Manfred G. Schmidt: Democracy Theory. In: ders .: Dictionary on Politics (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 404). 2nd, completely revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-520-40402-8 , p. 149 f.