Honors examination
In Germany, a distinction is defined as an examination with a result that is passed significantly above the average . In the doctoral regulations of many universities and equivalent colleges , a distinction is provided as one of the basic requirements for acceptance as a doctoral candidate . Honors are also often required in job advertisements .
Jurisprudence
There is no legal definition of the term “predicate exam”. In German legal training , a state examination is predominantly considered to be a grade examination from an assessment of “ fully satisfactory ”, but in some federal states it is already considered to be from “satisfactory”, such as in Bavaria or Saxony . After from zero to 18 points ranging grade scale according to § 2 of the "Regulation on a note and point scale for the first and second legal examination" is a Prädikatsexamen thus from 9,00 points ( "fully satisfactory") or 6.50 points ( "Satisfactory") achieved. In everyday language use by lawyers, despite the different classification by the judicial examination offices, it has become established nationwide to only speak of a predicate examination with an overall grade of 9.00 points or more. Predicate exams and a grade of at least “fully satisfactory” are thus occasionally equated in Bavaria and Saxony.
In Bavaria, for example, 10.7% of applicants achieved a major grade examination (grade fully satisfactory) in the first state examination in 2008, whereas in North Rhine-Westphalia 14.3%. The grade “good” is given relatively seldom (around 2-3% per year), and “very good” only sporadically (0.1% –0.5% per year). A so-called grade examination at least in the second state examination (“fully satisfactory” or better) is required in the majority of federal states as a grade for employment in the judicial or public prosecutor's office. In many places, two satisfactory exams are a prerequisite for employment in the higher administrative service.
Economics
In the field of economics , a degree is occasionally referred to as a "predicate exam" if the final grade is at least 2.5. In some cases, instead of the diploma / bachelor's / master's grade, an average of the examination results is also calculated. The reason for the number 2.5 is usually the minimum requirement for a doctorate in the examination regulations.
The term predicate examination itself has apparently been taken over from the legal field (with state examination at the end of the course), because economics has only one examination (and no examination). Partly there is therefore also talk of a grade diploma.
Other states
At French Grandes Écoles such as Sciences Po and HEC Paris , instead of the usual designation of the predicate exam, the final additions “ Graduated with Honors ” (also “ cum laude ”) and “ Graduated with Highest Honors ” (also “ summa cum laude ”) are used. Regardless of the actual final grade, “ Honors ” are awarded to the best 5% and “ Highest Honors ” to the best 2% of the graduates of each year. In addition, many universities issue “lists of excellence” during the course, in which the best students in the individual programs are mentioned by name and thus made public before they receive the actual diploma.
swell
- ↑ http://www.justiz.bayern.de/pruefungsamt/jahresbericht/
- ↑ Newly qualified lawyers from Saxony ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http://www.bmj.de/cln_093/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/pdfs/Ausbildungsstatistik2006.html ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.uni-siegen.de/dept/fb05/dekanat/promotion/PromOrdn.pdf
- ↑ http://www.fww.ovgu.de/fww_media/studium/informationen/Promotionsordnung.pdf
- ↑ http://www.scribd.com/aaaaa1560/d/61223011-Liste-Excellence-HEC-2010-2011
