Primordial hyphae

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Under Primordialhyphen refers long hyphae of the pileus ( pileipellis ) of fungi whose cell walls incrusted , that is coated with a crust-like layer. In contrast to dermatocystids , primordial hyphae are usually slimmer and do not have a yellowish color. You also can't use sulfovanillinor similar aldehyde reagents. They differ from normal, narrow hyphae cells, which are often also referred to as hair, in their size. Primordial hyphae are longer and usually a little wider and protrude beyond the hair, especially in young specimens. The cap skin therefore appears macroscopically more or less velvety. Primordial hyphae they are usually septate. Since they are usually more or less encrusted, they can be stained with fuchsine. To do this, the hyphae are stained with basic carbol fuchsin and then washed out with 3–10% hydrochloric acid for 5–10 minutes. Finally, purple-red ( magenta), granular deposits can be detected under the microscope. Encrusted cell walls are said to be acid-resistant if they keep their color after washing with dilute hydrochloric acid.

The presence or absence of primordial hyphae is an important taxonomic characteristic that is typical of the representatives of the Incrustatae ( Lilacea ) section . Miller and McClean were able to show that this group is also phylogenetically closely related species. Outside of this group, encrusted hyphae are only found in the ocher-bling. However, its incrustation differs in that it is not acid-resistant and the magenta color of the fuchsin quickly fades again.

It is not known whether and how the cell walls of encrusted and non-encrusted species differ in their chemistry and structure. In some cases, non-encrusted species with acid-resistant material in inner wall layers can simulate acid-resistant coloration, but they do not develop a surface relief that can be interpreted as encrustation (granular crust).

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  • Alfred Einhellinger : The genus Russula in Bavaria (=  Bibliotheca Mycologica . Volume 112 ). 3. Edition. Cramer, Berlin et al. 1994, ISBN 3-443-59056-X , p. 259 .
  • Steven L. Miller, Bart Buyck: Molecular phylogeny of the genus Russula in Europe with a comparison of modern infrageneric classifications . In: Mycological Research . Vol. 106, No. 3 , 2002, p. 259-276 , doi : 10.1017 / S0953756202005610 .

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