Production control
During production control , the planning , specification and comparative evaluation data are compared with the data from previous periods and the causes of the deviations are analyzed. Production control checks whether everything is going according to plan in the various areas. Dates and deadlines, material consumption quantities, as well as operating resources used , output quantities, production costs , material and product quality are monitored .
tasks
Production control consists of different processes: deadline control, cost control, quality assurance, the degree of capacity utilization and production planning. The different areas contribute to production control through different tasks.
Deadline control
When checking dates , care is taken to ensure that specified dates are adhered to. There are different types of appointments. On the one hand there are regularly recurring appointments, on the other hand there are also individual appointments. There are also appointments within a company and appointments from external positions. Depending on the size and organization of a company, a central appointment control point is created.
Cost control
During cost control, it is regularly checked how high the costs are in the individual service areas with regard to inefficiencies. For this purpose, a reference value must be given, for example from planned or default values or average values from the past. The costs can be controlled through deviations, with the target / actual comparison, through key cost figures and through the partial cost calculation. The costs can be controlled by deviations by looking at the differences between the individual characteristic values and a position measure. The measure of position is a parameter for characterizing the localization of an empirical and theoretical probability. With the help of target / actual comparisons, a cost control can also take place by comparing the target costs with the actual costs in the operational accounting . The cost variances are calculated and analyzed, taking into account the factors that influence the level of costs. In this way, an interim and inter-company comparison is achieved. The cost indicators can be used to show the ratio of the costs of individual cost types, cost centers and cost units to the total costs . The partial cost calculation is a form of calculation in which parts of the costs are offset against the cost objects.
quality control
Quality assurance ensures that a specified quality is created for a product or service and that this is maintained. The quality can be checked using the total, partial and sequential test methods. With total control, each product in a population is checked for one or more characteristics. This will find all defective products. This is particularly important in the healthcare sector . In the case of partial control, on the other hand, random samples of a stock are selected and checked for one or more quality features. With the help of the result that is achieved by the random samples, conclusions are drawn about the quality level of the stock. The sequential test procedure is a statistical test procedure in which after each drawing of a sample element or after several elements it is checked whether the previous results can be assigned to the null hypothesis or the alternative hypothesis , or whether it is necessary to use additional sample elements for a test judgment. The sample inspection plan and procurement also contribute to quality assurance. The sample inspection plan contains instructions for sample inspection and provides information on the number of products to be inspected and the number of defective products up to which an inventory can be accepted. Procurement provides a company with material, services, operating and work equipment as well as rights and information from external sources.
Capacity utilization rate
Capacity is understood to be the services that a company can provide both qualitatively and quantitatively within a certain period of time. The degree of capacity utilization indicates which proportion of the quantities produced can be sold. Thus, the capacity utilization rate can be calculated from the product of the load rate and the time rate. The degree of load indicates the relationship between the actual performance and the maximum possible performance in a specified time interval. Whereas the degree of working time indicates the relationship between effective working time and maximum available working time. The profitability of a company can be read from the degree of capacity utilization . The optimal degree of capacity utilization leads to the most economical factor consumption and thus to the most economical production . The degree of capacity utilization can be determined in various ways, on the one hand by measuring the capacity, on the other hand by means of business statistics. In a capacity measurement, the quantitative and qualitative capacity of a potential factor or a potential factor system are determined. The business statistics are a data analysis that differentiates between personnel statistics , performance statistics , warehouse statistics , statistics of the cost structure and cost development and statistics of prices.
Production planning
The main tasks of production planning are the planning of the primary requirements on the basis of forecasts or customer orders, materials management, time management with capacity scheduling and leveling. In addition, production processes are planned in advance for the medium to long term. The planned production orders are released, controlled and monitored by the subsequent production control. Advanced Enterprise Planning (AEP) is a sub-area of production planning. Advanced Enterprise Planning stands for a class of software systems with the help of which a complete integration of all sub-plans of the performance management level with the financial level is possible. This makes production planning easier. Other parts of production planning are time management, materials management and provision planning. Time management has the task of structuring the production process over time. Materials management, on the other hand, is responsible for supplying production with material. The totality of the material-related function is assigned to it, including the supply of the company and the control of the material flow through production up to the delivery of the finished products. The task of supply planning is to provide the resources, workers, materials and information required for production program planning according to type, quantity and time. This is an important step for an economical design of the production process and its implementation as planned.
Factory production control
The in-house production control is understood as the self-monitoring of production by the company or the manufacturer . This includes the establishment of the system of factory production control as well as the documentation and maintenance of this. The aim is to ensure that the products brought onto the market have the necessary properties and, if necessary, comply with a standard. The results of the tests or evaluations must be recorded and kept for the duration of the factory production control. The establishment of a factory production control is based on the core requirement of DIN EN 1090-1. The European standard EN 1090 was published for the first time on December 17, 2010 in the Official Journal of the European Union and included in the Federal Gazette on February 16, 2011. It is used in particular by manufacturers of steel and aluminum structures. The certification of the in-house production control and constant monitoring must exist so that the CE mark corresponding to the standard can be affixed to the products brought onto the market.
Consequences if there is no production control
Possible consequences in the absence of production control can be that an entire production batch does not pass the final inspection and the products have to be disposed of or recycled. This creates costs. Also, deadlines can be delayed and the production schedule can be mixed up. This shows that production control is essential for a company.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Definition of »production control« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 20, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »deadline control« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 20, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »cost control« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 20, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »deviations« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 20, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »target / actual comparison« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 20, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »key cost figures« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 20, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »cost control« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 20, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »quality assurance« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 21, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of "total control" | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 21, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of "partial control" | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 21, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »sequential test procedure« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 21, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of “sample inspection plan” | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 21, 2016]).
- ^ Definition of »procurement« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 21, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of "capacity" | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 23, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »capacity utilization rate« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 23, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »capacitance measurement« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 23, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of “business statistics” | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on December 23, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »production planning« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 27, 2016]).
- ^ Definition of "Advanced Enterprise Planning (AEP)" | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 27, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »time management« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 27, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »materials management« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed December 27, 2016]).
- ↑ Definition of »provision planning« | Gabler Economic Lexicon . ( gabler.de [accessed on January 2, 2017]).
- ↑ SLV Mannheim: DIN EN 1090 (part 1-3). In: www.slv-mannheim.de. Retrieved December 29, 2016 .
- ↑ 6.1 Basics of in-house production control (FPC) | Compact welding supervisor. In: www.schweissaufsicht-kompakt.de. Retrieved December 29, 2016 .