Provirus
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As provirus is Virus - DNA referred to in the genome of the host cell is integrated. In this state, the virus can remain in a latent (i.e. passive) state in the organism and can be passed on to the daughter cells. The proviral form is part of the normal replication cycle of retroviruses and other viruses whose DNA is integrated into the genome. Approximately eight percent of the human genome are provirus genes, and only genes from endogenous retroviruses .
The term goes back to Richard Shope , who described the rabbit papilloma virus in 1935 and assumed that this DNA virus could remain in the organism as a provirus in latent form. The discovery of reverse transcriptase by Howard M. Temin showed for the first time how retroviruses can also achieve this goal.
literature
- GM Cooper: The DNA provirus. Howard Temin's scientific legacy. ASM Press, Washington, DC 1995, ISBN 1-55581-098-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ R. Belshaw, V. Pereira u. a .: Long-term reinfection of the human genome by endogenous retroviruses. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . Volume 101, Number 14, April 2004, pp. 4894-4899, ISSN 0027-8424 . doi : 10.1073 / pnas.0307800101 . PMID 15044706 . PMC 387345 (free full text).
- ^ RE Shope, EW Hurst: INFECTIOUS PAPILLOMATOSIS OF RABBITS: WITH A NOTE ON THE HISTOPATHOLOGY. In: Journal of experimental medicine . Volume 58, Number 5, October 1933, pp. 607-624, ISSN 0022-1007 . PMID 19870219 . PMC 2132321 (free full text).