Quartz (macOS)
Quartz is the graphics layer of the Apple operating system macOS . Quartz is a library for 2D and 3D graphics that forms the basic display model for Mac OS X. Based on the cross-platform PDF (Portable Document Format) standard, Quartz 2D can display and print high-quality text and graphics with anti- aliasing and offers support for OpenType, PostScript and TrueType character sets.
Components
Quartz consists of the following building blocks:
- Quartz 2D: A graphics library that is used to display two-dimensional elements (raster and vector graphics including text). Fine structures are displayed with the help of antialiasing and subpixel rendering .
- OpenGL : programming interface for three-dimensional graphics
- QuickTime : multimedia architecture (e.g. video and audio decoding and output)
- Quartz Compositor : window system
Starting with Mac OS X 10.2 "Jaguar", Quartz Compositor has been extended with Quartz Extreme. Quartz Extreme uses OpenGL just like a normal application and treats the desktop like a 3D scene. This means that the graphics card can be used to calculate the effects (such as shadows or animations), which relieves the main processor .
Comparable developments for other operating systems
Microsoft developed a similar technique for Windows Vista , the Windows Presentation Foundation .
On Linux, Xgl and AIGLX together with a composition manager like Enlightenment e17 or Compiz with Quartz Extreme are comparable.
literature
- David Gelphman, Bunny Laden: Programming with Quartz: 2D and PDF Graphics in Mac OS X , Morgan Kaufmann, 2006, ISBN 0-12-369473-6
- R. Sc. Thompson: Quartz 2D Graphics for Mac OS X Developers: Introduction to Mac OS X Graphics , Addison-Wesley Longman, Amsterdam, 2006, ISBN 0-321-33663-1
Web links
- Overview of the Quartz Architecture for Developers ( Memento from September 25, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
- Mike Paquette, "Pixar's Porter-Duff composition used in Quartz" (Engl.)
- Mike Paquette, "Why Apple did not use the X Window System" (Engl.)
- Peter Graffagnino, “OpenGL and Quartz Extreme” (English; PDF file; pages 26; 3.52 MB)