RACI

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With RACI a technique for the analysis and representation of responsibilities referred to. The name is derived from the first letters of the English terms Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed .

method

Organizations use RACI categorization to describe which role is responsible for which activities and which roles are to be involved. In this way one can arrive at a clear description of the responsibilities and competencies.

The terms are interpreted as follows:

  • Responsible - responsible (implementation responsibility), responsible for the actual implementation. The person who gives the initiative for the implementation (also by others). She can also do the activity herself. Is also interpreted as responsibility in a disciplinary sense.
  • Accountable - accountable (cost or overall responsibility), responsible in the sense of "approve", "approve" or "sign". The person who is legally or commercially responsible. Is also interpreted as responsibility from a cost center perspective.
  • Consulted - consulted. A person who may not be directly involved in the implementation but who has relevant information for the implementation and should or must therefore be interviewed.
  • Informed - to inform (right to information). A person who receives information about the course or the result of the activity or who is authorized to receive information.

As a rule, only one person (role) should be accountable and responsible per activity . In contrast, several people can be consulted or informed about an activity . It can also happen that a person is both accountable and responsible for an activity . If no person is defined as responsible for an activity , this is called the "lack of responsibility". If more than one person is responsible , it is called "overlap in responsibility".

presentation

The RACI matrix or RACI diagram has proven itself as a clear representation . Roles are plotted against activities in a matrix. By entering the letters R, A, C and I, the activities are assigned to the roles.

The figure shows a simple RACI matrix for the " car repair " process.

Example RACI matrix: Car repair

variants

RACI or RASCI

An extension of the RACI matrix.

The additional S stands for S upport - supporting. The person can play a supportive role or provide resources.

In contrast to C (Consulted), which primarily contributes knowledge, S (Support) is mostly seen as a role that actively relieves the R (Responsible) of work.

RACI-VS or VARISC

V is for V erify - a person who checks the result of an activity against certain acceptance criteria.

S stands for S ign-Off - a person who confirms the result of V and approves the extradition.

CAIRO or RACIO

O for O mitted - left out. A person who is specifically not involved. Sometimes it can be helpful to define in addition to the responsibilities mentioned above that certain people are deliberately not involved in an activity.

IBZED code

The IBZED scheme is also known. The letters stand for the following responsibilities in the process.

  • I stands for information: The interface partner receives the required information. The decision-making body informs the interface partner about the status of the processing. The interface partner has a right to information. The responsibility rests with the decision maker.
  • B stands for advice: The interface partner has the right to advise, ie to bring in his own experts and pass on knowledge. The decision-making body has the duty to seek advice before making a decision. However, it is at their discretion to decide to what extent the suggestions flow into the decision.
  • Z stands for approval: The interface partner has the right to have a say in the decision result. The decision-making body is obliged to obtain the consent of the interface partner before making the final decision. The decision only comes into force once the approval has been given. If there is no agreement, the process will be escalated or arbitrated.
  • E stands for decision: competence and responsibility for the final decision. This includes the obligation to initiate or responsibility for the preparation of the decision documents .
  • D stands for implementation: Responsible for the implementation of the processes affected by the decision.

VIMA or VIMAF

In particular, the distinction between R - Responsible and A - Accountable at RACI regularly leads to delimitation problems and misunderstandings. This is why the VIMA or VIMAF matrix is ​​used in German-speaking countries, for example in IT service certificates.

  • V = is responsible (for the specific action, task execution, implementation success)
  • I = to be informed (pure information obligation or before a specific action, task)
  • M = has to participate (to enable the person responsible to do the V )
  • A = must be voted in advance (prior to the specific action, a content-related vote is mandatory)
  • F = requires approval (the specific action requires approval in advance)

REWA

Meanwhile also seen by companies, as a modification of the RACI variant

  • R stands for Responsible - overall responsibility for the entire task
  • E stands for Expert - analogous to the Consulted of the RACI variant
  • W stands for Work - responsibility for carrying out the task (the actual work)
  • A stands for Approver - responsibility for the acceptance of the result

DEMI

Another variant is the so-called DEMI code:

  • D stands for implementation responsibility
  • E stands for responsibility for results
  • M stands for cooperation
  • I stands for "to inform"

VDMI

A modification of the DEMI variant is the VDMI variant:

  • V stands for responsibility - a role that is responsible for the correct execution of the task
  • D stands for implementation - a role that processes / performs the task
  • M stands for participation / participation - a role that has to provide a contribution
  • I stands for "to inform" - to inform (right to information). A role that receives information about the progress or the result of the activity or is authorized to receive information.

literature

  • Manuela Reiss, Georg Reiss: Practical book IT documentation . Eddison-Wesley Verlag, Munich 2009. ISBN 978-3-8273-2681-2 .
  • J. Mike Jacka, Paulette J. Keller: Business Process Mapping Workbook . Improving Customer Satisfaction, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New Jersey 2009. ISBN 978-0-470-44628-7 .
  • Founder, Torsten, Thomas, Anke: Controlling and Governance in IT Outsourcing. - In: Founder, Torsten (Ed.): IT Outsourcing in Practice. Strategies, project management, economic efficiency, ESV, Berlin 2011. ISBN 978-3-503-09015-0 .

See also

Web links