RTK survey

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The RTK ( Real Time Kinematic ) is a method of Geodesy to remeasure or staking of points with the help of satellite navigation systems such as  GPS , GLONASS , Beidoou or Galileo . Accuracies of 1 to 2 cm are achieved. The coordinates of the points can be calculated in real time after the initialization . The prerequisite is an undisturbed reception of signals from at least five GPS satellites (at least six are recommended). In total, at least two GPS antennas are required: the first is the reference station , the second the rover , the position of which is determined by three-dimensional polar attachment to the reference station according to the baseline method.

Instead of temporary, permanent reference stations can also be used, which are provided by a private operator or by the surveying authorities of the federal states ( SAPOS , ASCOS ). In order not to have to set up too many reference stations, one switched to network RTK. Several reference stations are networked here and correction data is transmitted to the rover in the survey area via mobile phone (SAPOS network).

The maximum distance of the rover from the reference station for temporary reference stations is up to 10 km under favorable conditions. With permanent reference stations, RTK is no longer possible from 20 km. With network RTK, the reference stations are 50 to 100 km apart. For the first time, it was worthwhile to set up a comprehensive network of reference stations.

There are theoretically two methods that can be used for network RTK. In the first method, only parameters for area correction are transmitted to the user in the measurement area. In the second method, which is only used in practice, the rover sends its approximation coordinates via mobile phone to the network center, where an optimal triangular meshing is calculated and then correction data for this approximation position is sent back to the rover (principle of the virtual reference station).

See also

• Real-time kinematics

literature

• Manfred Bauer: Surveying and positioning with satellites. 5th edition. Wichmann-Verlag, Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 3-87907-360-0 .