Proximity coordinates
Approximate coordinates are required in geodesy when calculating a surveying network in order to be able to carry out an adjustment to minimize unavoidable small measurement errors.
The approximate coordinates of the points involved serve to linearize the observation equations to be applied for the compensation . They are obtained from a preliminary calculation of the network or an earlier survey of the area. Sometimes a graphical determination of the approximate point positions is made from a map or a point sketch , if the mathematical basis is not yet available.
As a result of the adjustment, one obtains coordinate improvements which , when added to the approximate coordinates , result in the optimal, consistent network.
literature
- Bernhard Heck : Calculation methods and evaluation models for land surveying , Chapters 4, 7 and 13: Mathematical models and principles , Wichmann-Verlag, Karlsruhe, 1987.
- Wolfgang Niemeier : Adjustment Calculation : Statistical Evaluation Methods , Edition 2, Walter de Gruyter, 2008, ISBN 3-110-19055-9 , p. 493, here p. 325 ff., Chapter 9.4: Determination of approximate coordinates , online at books.google. de