Wheel load

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The wheel load is the force acting on the wheel between the road and the wheel perpendicular to the road .

The term wheel load is used for both pneumatic and railway wheels . The wheel load when the vehicle is at rest is called the static wheel load .

The term wheel load difference , used for railless road vehicles, indicates the difference in wheel loads on the wheels of a vehicle axle, which occurs in certain driving conditions.

Road vehicles

All other tire forces and torques, lateral force , circumferential force and tire resetting torque are dependent on the wheel load.

The wheel load fluctuations that occur on uneven road surfaces are a cause of reduced driving safety in cars .

With their static and dynamic wheel loads, commercial vehicles contribute to the stress on roads or bridges, see Payload (construction) .

Wheel load difference

If the vehicle is subject to a tilting moment - e.g. B. by cross wind or when cornering - the wheel load difference counteracts this as a reaction torque . In the latter case, the wheels on the outside of the curve experience a greater wheel load, those on the inside of the curve a smaller one. The difference can also be understood as a force couple, which multiplied by the track width represents a torque .

The wheel load differences when cornering are divided between the front and rear axles in such a way that the desired understeer behavior is achieved in the limit range, but no wheel on an axle loses contact with the ground too early. In addition to the suspension springs, the division also depends on additionally mounted stabilizers (increase the "roll spring rate" on the respective axle) and the roll center heights of the wheel suspensions.

See also

literature

  • Rainer Schach, Peter Jehle, Rene´ Naumann: Transrapid and wheel-rail high-speed railway. A holistic system comparison. Springer 2006, ISBN 3-540-28334-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Matschinsky: Die Radführung der Kraftfahrzeuge, Springer, 2007, page 176
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Matschinsky: Wheel guides of road vehicles: statics, kinematics, elasto-kinematics and construction . 2nd Edition. Springer, 1998, ISBN 978-3-662-09653-6 , pp. 169 ( limited preview in Google Book search).