Indoor air

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The term indoor air or indoor air describes the air in rooms . In construction , the term is mainly used in air conditioning and ventilation technology to separate the air inside rooms in buildings from other types of air such as supply and exhaust air or outside air.

Indoor air quality

Many different criteria can be used to assess the air quality inside buildings, some of which can be recorded using suitable measurement methods and others only through a direct assessment of the users (people).

The European standard 15251 defines the framework parameters for the indoor climate that have an impact on the overall energy efficiency of buildings. These must be observed for the design of buildings and air conditioning systems. The design internal temperature is used as a target value for the calculation of the heating load (EN 12831) and the cooling load (EN 15243) depending on the temperature of the outside air (winter and summer). The input values ​​are used to measure the technical equipment of buildings.

EN 15251 divides the level of expectations the user has of indoor air into four categories:

  • Category I: high level of expectations (rooms for sensitive and sick people, e.g. children, the elderly, the sick, ...)
  • Category II: normal level of expectations (rooms in new and renovated buildings)
  • Category III: moderate level of expectations (rooms in existing buildings)
  • Category IV: values ​​outside of cat. I to III, no expectations (limited part of the year)

The EN 13779, which was withdrawn in November 2017, defined air quality in four categories:

  • Category IDA 1: high indoor air quality
  • Category IDA-2: Medium indoor air quality
  • Category IDA-3: Moderate indoor air quality
  • Category IDA-4: Low indoor air quality

The EN 16798-3, which has been in force since November 2017, defines the supply air quality instead. The indoor air quality depends on the type and effect of the pollution considered and whether there are e.g. B. mainly adults, children or the sick. In practice, the qualitative determination takes place according to four methods, which are used depending on the nature of the room; namely according to:

  1. Outside air flow per person (room in which predominantly people stay, e.g. office) The satisfaction rate in categories 1–4 is over 85%, 80%, 70% and up to 70%.
  2. Air volume flow per floor area (no common area for people, e.g. storage room)
  3. CO 2 concentration (room in which predominantly natural vapors from people predominate)
  4. Concentration of certain impurities (room with significant emission)

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Indoor air  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DIN EN 15251 . Input parameters for the indoor climate for the design and evaluation of the energy efficiency of buildings - indoor air quality, temperature, light and acoustics. Beuth Verlag, December 2012, p. 7 .
  2. ↑ DIN EN 13779 . Ventilation of non-residential buildings - General principles and requirements for ventilation, air conditioning and room cooling systems. Beuth Verlag, September 2007, p. 19 (Was withdrawn with the publication of DIN EN 16798-3 in November 2017.).
  3. ↑ DIN EN 16798-3 . Energetic assessment of buildings - Ventilation of buildings - Part 3: Ventilation of non-residential buildings - Performance requirements for ventilation and air conditioning systems and space cooling systems. Beuth Verlag, November 2017, p. 2 (replaces EN 13779.).