Flame furnace
The flame furnace is a hearth furnace in which a molten metal is brought to the desired temperature directly by the flame or by radiant heat (radiant ceiling heating).
The flame furnace differs from the shaft furnace , which as a classic blast furnace, but also as a cupola furnace, is charged with a mixture of ore, pig iron and aggregates .
Spread one finds furnaces in the NE - Metallurgy .
literature
Arne Andersen / Rene Ott / Engelbert Schramm, Der Freiberger Hüttenrauch 1849-1865. Environmental impacts, their perception and processing. History of technology 53 (1986): 169-200