Rhotazism
As rhotacism ( gr. Ῥῶ rho ) is called the sound change any consonants r. Fricatives such as the s or the lateral approximant l are mostly affected .
Examples
Examples can be found in many languages:
In Italian dialects that have an r instead of the l or d in the standard language . Examples from the Neapolitan dialect:
- Italian me d esimo is me r esimo there
- u l timo appears as u r demo
This sound change also occurs in German (see grammatical change ):
- According to change in the case of turned s s and wa r (see FIG. Engl. He wa s ).
- The obsolete erkie s s (select) and its past tense erko r s (see Fig. Engl. Cho s en).
- The Central Hessian We rr er for We tt er or Bre rr er for Bre tt er .
In some Low German dialects there is also a Rhotazism:
- There are forms such as orrer (or) and Werrer (weather), which are called or and neither in other dialects .
In Icelandic , words that end with the fricative z in Urgermanic have developed the z to r :
- dagu r (day) from the ancient Germanic * daγa z
- rauðu r (red) from the ancient Germanic * rauða z
Example from Latin :
- the past of e ss e is e r am
Examples from Portuguese :
- emp r egar (use / use) [cf. lat. imp l icare ]
- ob r igar (compel / oblige / force) [cf. lat. whether l igare ]
Examples from Romanian :
- moa r ă (mill) [cf. lat. mo l a ]
- sa r e (salt) [cf. lat. sa l ]