Salt tolerance

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In the agronomic and horticultural sense, the salt tolerance evaluates the relative decrease in yield of a plant population, which is caused by soil salinization in comparison to a non-salinized soil, but otherwise comparable growth conditions .

Classification

Cultivated plants are classified into four groups of different salt tolerance:

  • sensitive (S = sensitive: beans, peas, peach),
  • moderately sensitive (MS = moderately sensitive: corn, alfalfa, tomatoes),
  • moderately tolerant (MT = moderately tolerant: wheat, soybeans, sorghum) and
  • tolerant (T = tolerant: barley, sugar beet, date palm).

To classify your salt tolerance, it is internationally customary to use the salt content of the soil saturation extract ECe (Electrical Conductivity in dS / m: extract when the soil is saturated with water), which, in contrast to the content in% (g / 100g soil), is closely related to the salinization of the natural Soil solution stands and is therefore more meaningful.

Classification of the salt tolerance of cultivated plants at the ECe (including halophytes )

The relationship between the relative yield Y (in%) of a plant group / plant for a given average salinity of the root zone of the soil ECe can be shown graphically. The relationship is based on the following mathematical equation:

With

b
the loss of yield in% per unit (1 dS / m) increase in soil salt content. The yield loss is in the range of <3% / (1dS / m) for salt-tolerant plants to> 30% / (1dS / m) for salt-sensitive plants.
a
the limit value of the soil salt content ECe (dS / m) at which the loss of yield begins. The limit value is between 1.5 dS / m for salt-sensitive (S) and 10 dS / m for salt-tolerant (T) plants.

The key figures a and b are plant-specific.

The issue of the salt tolerance of cultivated plants is increasingly topical in view of the global shortage of low-salt irrigation water, because the demand for good fresh water for households and industry is increasing and consequently the pressure on agriculture , horticulture and landscaping to use brackish water as irrigation water is increasing .

swell

  1. ↑ RS Ayers, DW Westcot: Water Quality for Agriculture (FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29) . Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 1985, ISBN 978-92-5-102263-4 .

literature

  • JD Rhoades, A. Kandiah, AM Mashali: The Use of Saline Waters for Crop Production (FAO irrigation and drainage paper 48) . Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 1992. ISBN 92-5-103237-8
  • Uwe Schleiff: Research aspects for crop salt tolerance under irrigation with special reference to root environment . FAL spec. issue 286; 2005.

Web links