Sapad 2013

The Pomornik-class landing craft Mordovija 782 during a landing operation of the Sapad 2013 maneuver

Sapad 2013 ( Russian Запад-2013 Sapad-2013 , English Zapad 2013 , translated 'West 2013') was a maneuver by the Russian and Belarusian armed forces and the Russian Interior Ministry , which was carried out from September 20 to 26, 2013.

The maneuver had a geographical extension from the Arctic region to Voronezh . According to Russian sources, around 10,000 soldiers took part; Western observers, however, put the number at 70,000. On the Russian side, the navy , air force , army , air defense and airborne units, as well as special units , psychological units and medical units were involved. The Inner Forces came by for a "quick inspection".

Officially, the maneuver was supposed to review the command and control reform that was initiated in 2008, but the maneuver was also seen as a reaction to other maneuvers such as Steadfast Jazz in the Baltic States. It was also observed that all conventional areas were practiced in the maneuver, as nuclear scenarios were already practiced at Sapad 2009 and Wostok 2010 . The following was practiced in detail: Search and rescue , amphibious landings and counter-attacks on amphibious landings (see Amphibious warfare ), air and ground attacks , anti-submarine hunting , attacks with long-range cruise missiles , air landings and air storm attacks . In addition, behavior in the event of an attack by so-called Baltic terrorists was practiced. However, Chief of Staff Valery Gerasimov said soothingly that the scenario is not directed against any state, but only includes the fight against terrorism .

Web links

Commons : Zapad 2013 - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Stephen Blank: Opinion: What do the Zapad 2013 exercises reveal? (No longer available online.) In: The Lithuania Tribune. October 10, 2013, archived from the original on June 10, 2015 ; accessed on June 10, 2015 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Stephen Blank: What Do the Zapad 2013 Exercises Reveal? (Part One). The Jamestown Foundation, accessed June 10, 2015 .
↑ Hannes Gamillscheg: Wet dreams of great power. The Russians are practicing the invasion of Scandinavia and the Baltic States as a maritime anti-terror hunt. In Northern Europe, Russian muscle play is a cause for concern. October 6, 2013, accessed May 12, 2019 .
↑ Stephen Blank: What Do the Zapad 2013 Exercises Reveal? (Part One). The Jamestown Foundation, accessed June 10, 2015 : "[...] the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Interior (VVMVD) in a" snap inspection, "[...]"

[LitTrib-1] Stephen Blank: Opinion: What do the Zapad 2013 exercises reveal? (No longer available online.) In: The Lithuania Tribune. October 10, 2013, archived from the original on June 10, 2015 ; accessed on June 10, 2015 .

[James_Town_1-2] Stephen Blank: What Do the Zapad 2013 Exercises Reveal? (Part One). The Jamestown Foundation, accessed June 10, 2015 .

[fr-3] Hannes Gamillscheg: Wet dreams of great power. The Russians are practicing the invasion of Scandinavia and the Baltic States as a maritime anti-terror hunt. In Northern Europe, Russian muscle play is a cause for concern. October 6, 2013, accessed May 12, 2019 .

[James_Town_1_Zitat-4] Stephen Blank: What Do the Zapad 2013 Exercises Reveal? (Part One). The Jamestown Foundation, accessed June 10, 2015 : "[...] the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Interior (VVMVD) in a" snap inspection, "[...]"