Battle of Knidos

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The Battle of Knidos was a naval battle during the Spartan-Persian War and took place in 394 BC. Chr. Instead.

After the Achaemenid Empire supported Sparta against Athens in the final phase of the Peloponnesian War , mutual relations subsequently deteriorated. Sparta refused to surrender the Greek cities in Asia Minor and a war broke out, during which the Spartan king Agesilaus II was able to achieve some successes. 394 BC However, he had to leave Asia Minor to fight an anti-Spartan coalition in motherland Greece.

The Persians had previously provided a strong fleet of 100 ships in Cyprus , which was under the command of the Athenian Konon , a declared enemy of Sparta. On the Spartan side stood the rather inexperienced Peisandros . Before Knidos on the coast of Caria , it happened in the late summer of 394 BC. At the battle in which the Spartan fleet, which is said to have comprised around 85 ships, was practically completely destroyed. It was the greatest Persian success over the Greeks since the Persians defeated an Athenian fleet in 454 BC. During the Inaros uprising in Egypt . With this, the brief interlude of Spartan naval rule in the Aegean was abruptly ended, as was Sparta's attempt to liberate the Greek cities of Asia Minor from Persian rule. While the Spartan-Persian war in Asia Minor was effectively ended in this way, the fighting continued in Greece before it broke out in 387/86 BC. BC, this time under the influence of Sparta by Antalkidas , came to the so-called royal peace .

literature

  • Carsten Binder: Plutarch's Vita des Artaxerxes. A historical comment . de Gruyter, Berlin 2008.
  • Pierre Briant : From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire . Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake 2002 (French orig .: Histoire de l'empire perse. De Cyrus à Alexandre . Fayard, Paris 1996).

Remarks

  1. ↑ On the prehistory see for example Pierre Briant: From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire . Winona Lake 2002, pp. 637ff.
  2. ↑ For his person see also Carsten Binder: Plutarchs Vita des Artaxerxes. A historical comment . Berlin 2008, p. 286f.
  3. ↑ Cf. Carsten Binder: Plutarchs Vita des Artaxerxes. A historical comment . Berlin 2008, p. 290 (with references to sources).