Warpanker
A warp anchor (also: drag anchor , throw anchor or warp for short ) is an anchor that is small in relation to the size of the ship and is used to move the ship. The term warp or warpanker is derived from the Middle Low German warp to werpen (throw).
The warpanker is deployed with a dinghy in the direction in which the ship is to be moved. The ship can then be moved by pulling in the anchor line, which is called a warpanker line. The hauling in takes place on ships and larger boats using an anchor winch . The prerequisite is a correspondingly shallow water depth and an anchorable bottom, i.e. mostly the area near the coast. Compared to towing with a dinghy, there is the advantage that you can haul with great force even against strong currents or strong winds.
For hauling over longer distances, two warpankers are used alternately: If the ship has been moved close to the first warpanker, the second is deployed at a greater distance from the ship. When the first anchor breaks out of the ground, the ship is still held by the second, with which it is then hauled further. When approaching the second anchor, the first anchor is dropped again, etc.
The procedure was particularly common in motorless sailing ships and was also used at the time of sailing warships to outmaneuver an enemy ship in unfavorable winds. For example, the USS Constitution escaped her pursuers on July 17, 1812 at Egg Harbor during a lull through the use of warpankers (English: kedging ). Since there are hardly any larger motorless sailing ships today, the process is rarely required.
An example of warping on modern sailing boats is a special casting-off maneuver in strong onshore winds , which can be used at the pier when there is little distance to the neighboring berths : the mooring lines are put on slip ; by means of an anchor dinghy is applied to the under Fieren is weggewarpt the mooring lines from the pier, before the anchor with the engine running (or, if that does not exist under sails set) is recovered. The maneuver is hardly used because of the great expense compared to the maneuver evaporation into the fore-spring .
Individual proof
- ↑ Günther Drosdowski [Hrsg.]: Duden: The large dictionary of the German language in six volumes. Volume 6 Sp-Z . Bibliographisches Institut, Mannheim 1978, ISBN 3-411-01360-5