School Teacher Conference Society

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School teacher conference societies were educational institutions for teachers in elementary schools. In the period before general seminar teacher training , they served as a cost-effective reform measure to impart pedagogical knowledge to teachers who were still unprofessional or not yet professional. School teacher conferences appear in the late 18th, but above all in the early 19th century in several areas of Germany, in Prussia the General School Regulations of 1763 called for them . However, the concept was first implemented in the Kurmark Brandenburg under the school reformer and early school administration officials Bernhard Christoph Ludwig Natorp (1774–1846), who from 1809 to 1816 as a school councilor of the Kurmark government in Potsdam was responsible for the lower school system.

The conferences stimulated by Natorp should ideally serve as a form of educational sociability for free educational discussion. In reality, however, they were mostly held as methodological courses or as "follow-up schools" for teachers under the direction of the local clergyman. The preacher Friedrich Wilhelm Gotthilf Frosch founded the first conference company in 1810 in Krahne near Brandenburg an der Havel . After a short time, a total of 153 companies covered the majority of the Kurmärkische elementary teachers. As a rule, the meetings took place every 14 days, in winter the meetings, to which the teachers from the neighboring villages usually came on Saturdays after a long walk, were canceled due to the weather.

Reading societies were linked to many conference societies . In many cases, the stock of books that the teachers built up formed the basis of the later teachers' libraries. In addition to their educational task, school teacher conference societies offered their members the opportunity to unite in professionally defined associations. As early forms of the German teachers' association , they promoted professional ethics and class awareness among teachers.

literature

  • Neumann, KH: About the improvement in the elementary school system that has now been initiated. Potsdam 1811.
  • Riemann, CF: Historical news of a conference society set up among the school teachers in Niederoderbruch. Berlin / Stettin 1812.
  • Schmitt, Hanno: Self-organization, educational ability and compulsion: The reform of the elementary schools in the province of Brandenburg 1809-1816. In: Apel, Hans Jürgen; Kemnitz, Heidemarie; Sandfuchs, Uwe (ed.): The public education system. Historical development, social functions, pedagogical dispute. Bad Heilbrunn Obb. 2001, pp. 125-139.
  • Weyer, Reinhold: Bernhard Christoph Ludwig Natorp. A pioneer in music didactics in the first half of the 19th century. Frankfurt am Main u. a. 1995.
  • Wienecke, Friedrich: The introduction of the Pestalozzischen method in the schools of the Kurmark (1809-16). In: Journal of the History of Education and Teaching. 5, pp. 168-201 (1915).