Schulze-Hardy rule

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The Schulze-Hardy rule is an empirical rule named after its discoverers Hans Schulze (1853-1892) and William Bate Hardy (1864-1934). After that, hydrophobic colloids can be effectively flocculated by multiply charged ions ( cations or anions ) of opposite charge when exposed to electrolytes . The chemical nature of the ions is of secondary importance. Multiply charged ions such as the aluminum (III) cation (Al 3+ ), e.g. B. for use in alum stick for blood clotting .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Dieter Jakubke, Ruth Karcher (coordinators): Encyclopedia of chemistry in three volumes, Spektrum Verlag, Heidelberg, Volume 3, 1999, ISBN 3-8274-0381-2 , S. 212th
  2. ^ [1] Experiment on the kinetics of the coagulation of latex particles, University of Bayreuth.