Seat belt syndrome

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Seat belt syndrome is a brand of belt associated with a lumbar spine fracture and intestinal perforation.

Seat belt syndrome is a collective term that subsumes all injuries related to seat belts . It is classically defined as a belt mark on the body plus an injury to the abdominal organ (e.g. intestinal perforations ) and / or chest-lumbar vertebral body fractures. The belt brand was originally described by Garrett and Braunstein in 1962 as a linear ecchymosis of the abdominal wall after a road traffic accident . In up to 30% of the cases in the emergency room, this is an indication of an internal injury. A tear in the abdominal wall muscles can also occur, but is relatively rare.

Symptoms

The symptoms associated with this syndrome depend on the injured organ. In the case of injuries to the hollow organs, peritoneal signs can occur, while in the case of parenchymal or blood vessel injuries , hypovolemic signs dominate the clinical picture.

Emergence

Seat belt syndrome is caused by hyperflexion of the spine around the lap belt with sudden deceleration, which results in the squeezing of the intra-abdominal contents between the spine and the seat belt. Fixed parts of the intestine such as the proximal jejunum and distal ileum are more prone to injury than moving parts, as moving segments can avoid the high pressure and the resulting damage.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b M. Torba, S. Hijazi, A. Gjata, S. Buci, R. Madani, K. Subashi: Seat belt syndrome, a new pattern of injury in developing countries. Case report and review of literature . In: G Chir . 35, No. 7-8, September 1, 2014, pp. 177-180. PMID 25174292 . PMC 4321524 (free full text).
  2. ^ Sonya Wotherspoon, Kevin Chu, Anthony FT Brown: Abdominal injury and the seat belt sign . In: Emergency Medicine Australasia . 13, No. 1, March 1, 2001, pp. 61-65.
  3. ↑ Tahir Masudi, Helen Capitelli McMahon, Jennifer L. Scott, Andrew S. Lockey: Seat belt-related injuries: A surgical perspective . In: J Emerg Trauma Shock . 10, No. 2, January 1, 2017, pp. 70–73. PMID 28367011 . PMC 5357874 (free full text).
  4. ↑ G. Girelli, R. Di Natale, MC Manocchi, M. Lutman: [Seat belt syndrome] . In: Radiol Med . 86, No. 4, October 1, 1993, pp. 444-452. PMID 8248580 .
  5. ↑ AC Wagner: Disruption of abdominal wall musculature: unusual feature of seat belt syndrome . In: American Journal of Roentgenology . 133, No. 4, September, pp. 753-754. PMID 158297 .
  6. ↑ Alaa K. Abbas, Ashraf F. Hefny, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan: Seatbelts and road traffic collision injuries . In: World Journal of Emergency Surgery . 6, No. 1, January 1, 2011, p. 18. PMID 21619677 . PMC 3121590 (free full text).