Soul model
A soul model is a paradigm or a theory of the most abstract conceivable structure of human beings, the differentiation of living beings into a few instances or archetypal categories, each with its own functions and purposes. So z. B. Freud assumes that there are u. a. the 'reasonable' I and the 'instinctual' id, each the opposite pole of one's own personality. CG Jung describes the instances as archetypes , i.e. innate, cross-cultural, recurring patterns that come from the collective unconscious and are shared by all people.
Etymologically, the term "soul" is derived from Die aus dem See, i.e. water, one of the pre-Socratic "4 elements". According to Heraclitus (see sentence 31), this water is the synthetic union of the two analytically indivisible elements air (spirit; rational reason) and earth (body; intuitive understanding). He describes fire as the turn of water .
This fourfold differentiation coincides in terms of meaning with the Freudian structural model of the psyche , insofar as the term libido denotes the free instinctual energy before its concretization ('turn') into the ES, i.e. the soul, from which the two other instances are formed from birth begin to form: the 'mental' I and the 'physical' ABOVE ME . The ICH forms one of the two aspects whose potentials are immanent in the ES; The I only represents an antithesis to the ES insofar as Freud assigned consciousness to it, while the unconscious was assigned to the ES .