Sensory disturbance

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Classification according to ICD-10
R20.8 Other and unspecified skin sensitivity disorders
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

A sensory disorder (also: sensory disorder or sensitivity disorder , misperception ) is understood to be a neurological symptom in the form of a changed perception of sensory stimuli from the body periphery.

overview

When testing sensitivity disorders, a distinction should always be made between the various sensitive qualities (touch, temperature, vibration, pain, movement, position, force). In this way, a nomenclature of the sensitivity disorders can be established.

Qualitative changes

Paresthesias are often described as “tingling”, “pins and needles”, “furiness” or “electrifying feeling”. They are usually located in the supply area of ​​individual nerves or in the shape of gloves and stockings on the extremities. The cause can be the over-excitability of peripheral, sensitive receptors and nerve fibers or centripetal pathways, including the brain cords. Dysesthesia and paresthesia are often abnormal sensations called.

  • Dysesthesia - qualitatively altered perception, which is unpleasant compared to the feeling of healthy people
  • Paresthesia - unpleasant to painful sensations without adequate stimulus (almost by themselves)

Failure or diminution of sensitive perception

In general, there can be a complete loss of sensitive afferents, so that no sensations are present in the affected region. Various disorders can be subordinated to the respective generic term, which only affect individual sensitive modalities.

A distinction is also made between disorders that weaken sensitive perception (general or modality-specific).

Increase in sensitive perception

  • Allodynia - sensation of pain triggered by stimuli that usually do not cause pain
  • Hyperpathy - touch stimuli are perceived as uncomfortable or painful
  • Hyperalgesia - increased sensitivity to pain (even light stimuli can appear painful; see allodynia)
  • Hyperesthesia - increased sensitivity to touch

therapy

A possible therapy depends on the underlying disease.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sensory disturbance. In: Roche Lexicon Medicine. 5th edition. online at .tk.de
  2. ↑ Werner Hacke: Neurology. 13th edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-12381-8 , pp. 58/59.
  3. ^ Karl F. Masuhr, Marianne Neumann: Neurology . 6., revised. Edition. Thieme, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-13-135946-9 , p. 16.

literature

  • Sensitive irritation symptoms. In: Werner Hacke: Neurology. 13th edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-12381-8 , p. 58.
  • Sensory disturbances. In: D. Rosenow, V. Tronnier, H. Göbel: Neurogenic pain: Management of diagnostics and therapy. 1st edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-540-21482-8 , chapter 15.5.2.

Web links