Security in the supply chain
Under supply chain security ( English supply chain security , French sécurité de la chaîne logistique ) or supply chain security , and supply chain security are part of the supply chain management measures and concepts for process assurance and risk reduction in value chains understood the attack security in the foreground . Supply chain risk management is closely related .
Background and framework
The current framework conditions in politics and economy have led to significant changes in global business life. The aspect of "security" is becoming more and more important in order to minimize risk as far as possible. That is why the legislators in Europe and America have passed laws and regulations - partly for different reasons - all of which pursue the same goal: to increase the security in the interaction of all stakeholders in business processes and supply chains. These are e.g. B. companies, consumers, banks, insurance companies, etc.
In order to achieve this goal emphatically and to make it a general obligation of all parties involved, in some cases considerable penalties are provided for non-compliance with the requested measures, ranging from import bans to prison sentences for the responsible managers . Banks can refuse to grant loans to companies with no or inadequate security measures in the supply chain .
Regulations and requirements
A number of measures are already in place or will be mandatory shortly. Here is a list of the most important regulations:
- ISO 28000 - Ships and marine technology - Safety management systems for the supply chains - Failure to comply with fines and imprisonment for management.
- EU ( European Union ) Regulation 178 - Complete product traceability in the field of food, pet food, etc.
- Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) - securing container imports into the USA - in the event of non-compliance, delays, rejection and additional costs of imports into the USA.
- Authorized Economic Operator (AEO).
- Bioterrorism Act of the FDA ( Food and Drug Administration ) - securing the food chain in the USA - in the event of non-compliance, import ban into the USA.
- Sarbanes Oxley Act of the SEC ( Securities and Exchange Commission ) - securing the operational processes in companies that are listed on the stock exchange in the USA, including all investments worldwide - failure to comply may also result in imprisonment for the management. Basically, it affects all companies that want to participate in the capital market.
- Basel II - ensuring creditworthiness by evaluating the performance of operational units in the company.
- Third Party Liabilities - Increasing risk of liability towards third parties in the USA, Europe and Asia - failure to comply could result in high costs.
- Technology Asset Protection Association (TAPA) - private sector initiative.
- International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code)
Current status of implementation
Most companies are overwhelmed by the multitude of regulations and requirements; usually only selective measures are initiated. Overall concepts for networking all participants are usually missing.