Seepage water
Leachate is underground water that moves downward under the action of gravity ( seepage flow ) . It crosses all water -bearing soil horizons and rock layers until it meets a water-bearing layer. If seepage water encounters a water-impermeable layer of soil, strata water forms (also known as "floating water"; water located above the groundwater above a water-retaining layer).
Landfills
In environmental science , the term seepage water (SiWa) is used for the seeping precipitation in landfills (see there). According to the Federal Soil Protection and Contaminated Sites Ordinance (BBodSchV), a possible groundwater hazard must be assessed via the seepage water (seepage water prognosis) for contaminations found in soils . Since 1985 the collection and discharge of water have been state of the art for landfills. The seepage water used to be treated in sewage treatment plants . There are a variety of cleaning methods available today. Two-stage reverse osmosis is the optimal, but also the most complex and expensive purification of seepage water . Biological treatment and pollutant removal by adsorption on activated carbon are cheaper .
Dams
In the dam system, seepage water is understood as the water that unintentionally seeps through the dam or dam wall . Accordingly, it is more about leakage water, whereby a certain permeability must be assumed in the case of earth dams with a clay or clay seal. The seepage water must be measured regularly and compared with previous measurements with regard to any trends.
See also
literature
- W. Oltmanns: Securing landfill shafts with “short liners” , Tiefbau 2/2007, pp. 93–97, knowledge portal of the TU Dresden