Frankfurter Berg settlement
The settlement Frankfurter Berg is located in Frankfurt District Frankfurter Berg and is limited by the Homburger country road in the east, the Main-Weser Railway in the north, the Federal Highway 661 to the west and allotments in the south. It consists of the historical settlement core from the 1930s, the so-called bizonal settlement from the late 1940s and further settlement buildings in the southwest from the 1950s. The area east of Homburger Landstrasse, which was built on with high-rise buildings from the late 1960s, is known as the Berkersheimer Weg settlement .
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Origin and development
Workers settlement
On the hill of Frankfurter Berg about 1.5 km away from the existing districts, a workers' settlement was built from 1935 to 1937 west of the Homburger Landstrasse and north of the Kaiser Wilhelm barracks . The non-profit housing and settlement construction company created a total of 310 apartments as homes according to the Reichsheimstättengesetz, most of them in single-family homes. Building plots were created on both sides of the newly laid out streets Hagebuttenweg, Elunderweg, Fliederweg, Ginsterweg, Lupinenweg and Schlehenweg. Free-standing, single-storey houses with a gable roof were built on top. The size of the plots allowed gardens that were also suitable for self-sufficiency. A few two-story apartment buildings were only built on the eastern and western edge of the settlement. A road widening similar to a meadow was created at the confluence of Elder- and Schlehenweg. The steep gable roofs give the houses a traditional appearance. Design elements such as the typical kink of the roof pitch in the eaves area of the rafter roof , lattice windows with folding shutters and lintels in the form of a segment arch characterize the building. In the course of time, most of the houses have been remodeled, added to or newly built, so that they now have two floors and a larger area. The two-story buildings along the Fliederweg have been replaced by the non-profit housing association Hessen with three-story new buildings with contemporary apartments since 2005. The original appearance of the settlement was largely lost.
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Bizonal settlement
After the end of the Second World War, the American and British military governments in Frankfurt created the Economic Council of the United Economic Area of the so-called Bizone . Because this made Frankfurt a promising candidate for election to the federal capital, urban development was geared towards this and, among other things, a new settlement was planned on the Frankfurter Berg. It should create living space for the federal officials who might be called in. The Frankfurter Siedlungsgesellschaft built a total of 340 apartments from 1948 onwards. The urban planning concept by architect Herbert Boehm is based on Ernst May's ideas for the Römerstadt estate . The rows of terraced houses along the street follow the elevation of the Frankfurter Berg in quarter circles. They are accessible via the streets Wickenweg, Weißdornweg, Rotdornweg and Ebereschenweg, which branch off from Berkersheimer Weg to the north. With six to ten houses per row, rows fifty to eighty meters long were created along the street. Only on the northern edge of the settlement, sixteen to twenty-four meter long row buildings arranged across the streets form the transition to the landscape of the Nidda valley. The deep gardens can be reached in the rear area via narrow paths. A green area and social facilities were arranged at the interface with the workers' colony. The Bethanienkirche is located there, along with the community rooms and day care center, as well as the Albert Schweitzer School . A second green area was created on the western edge of the settlement. Another reference to Ernst May's conception is the use of prefabricated parts. The architects of the houses on Frankfurter Berg, Johannes Krahn and Alfons Leitl , used prefabricated wooden panels in a one-meter grid for the construction section on Wickenweg . This enabled the construction time to be shortened. They designed simple two-story row houses with slightly sloping pitched roofs. The footprint of the houses is only five meters deep and eight to fourteen meters wide. To prevent flashover in the event of a fire, the boundary wall is made of stone and protrudes from the facade. The windows of the living rooms are designed as a horizontal format. Due to the limited space available, many houses have meanwhile been added to the rear.
1950s residential area
The area south of Berkersheimer Weg was built with around 300 apartments, including around 230 single-family houses, from 1953. The urban planning concept comes from Herbert Boehm. However, it differs in that the buildings are arranged across the street and not accompanying them. This creates a different urban spatial impression. Another characteristic is the large green area in the middle of the settlement, which includes a roller skating rink and a playground. Two-storey row buildings are grouped around them, each made up of six to eight row houses. There are only three-story apartment buildings on Privet Drive. The rows of terraced houses are only accessible via residential paths. The building designs come from Johannes Krahn. In contrast to the houses in the bizonal settlement, their floor plan is very deep and narrow.
In the 1980s, around 75 more row houses were built on the southwestern edge of the settlement along the Azalea Way. Since 2000, numerous other residential buildings have been built in the north-east of An der Lindenallee.
During the first settlement activity, a period of twenty years, around 950 apartments were built on an area of around 50 hectares. More apartments have been built since the 1980s. The total of 1,100 apartments today are inhabited by around 2,100 people (as of 2008).
The Frankfurter Berg settlement is connected to the S-Bahn network via the Frankfurter Berg train station and to the rest of the local public transport network via several bus routes. After about one kilometer, you can take the Homburger Landstrasse to the Eckenheim junction for the 661 federal motorway .
literature
- Hans-Reiner Müller-Raemisch: Frankfurt am Main, urban development and planning history since 1945 . Campus-Verlag 1996, ISBN 3-593-35480-2
Web links
- Website of the Frankfurter Berg Citizens' Association
- Statistical Yearbook 2008 City of Frankfurt, accessed on Feb. 26, 2020
Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ N , 8 ° 40 ′ E