Social insurance (Switzerland)
The Social Security is in Switzerland, the most important institution of social security. It is usually compulsory insurance , so residents are often required to have insurance.
These include: Accident Insurance (UV) , health insurance (KV) , Employment Insurance (BVG) , military insurance (MV), maternity insurance (MV), since 2005 integrated into the income compensation (EO) , family allowances , unemployment insurance (ALV)
Constitutional foundations
The basics of social insurance can be found in Articles 111 to 114 and Articles 116 and 117 of the Swiss Federal Constitution .
In Art. 111, the so-called “three-pillar principle” is laid down, which regulates the structure of old-age, survivors' and disability benefits. Art. 112 contains the basis for old-age, survivors' and disability insurance, and Art. 113 that of occupational benefits. Art. 114 regulates the basis of unemployment insurance; Art. 116 lays down provisions for family allowances and maternity insurance. Finally, in Article 117, health and accident insurance is constitutionally regulated.
"Three pillar system"
The " three pillar system " combines elements of the compulsory old-age and survivors' (AHV) and disability insurance (IV), their supplementary benefits (EL) and the income compensation scheme (EO) to compensate for the loss of earnings of working mothers on maternity leave, soldiers and civil protection and those doing community service with voluntary private provision.
financing
Social insurance is mostly financed through wage deductions . The employer deducts the social security contributions from the wages . The contributions are based on income. They are borne “equally” , that is, half of the employers and employees . The only exception is health insurance, where income-independent head premiums are paid. In addition, there are public contributions, for example the AHV / IV are financed at 5% from the tobacco tax.
See also
- Social security (general article)
- Social policy (Switzerland)