Bacon Dane
Speckdane is a derogatory term ( ethnophaulism ) for members of the Danish minority in southern Schleswig . The term assumes that the increased turn to the Danish ethnic group after the two world wars was caused solely by food parcels from Denmark and thus solely by material motives or economic advantages. The term thus implies that those so named are " separatists for lower motives". The term originated at the time of the referendum in Schleswig in 1920 as part of German propaganda against the background of the then stronger Danish economy.
After the Second World War, there was also some vandalism at Danish facilities in southern Schleswig. Posters with the inscription "Speckdäne" sometimes showed clear parallels to the anti-Jewish posters from the time of National Socialism . The riots reached a climax when, on the night of September 20-21, 1952, numerous institutions belonging to the Danish minority were smeared with slogans in which the swear word "Speckdane" appeared again and again. Among other things, the then Danish school in Schwabstedt (Danish Svavsted ) was smeared with a skull and the sentence These are Speckdänens .
By assuming the term “Speckdane” solely for material reasons for turning to the Danish side, it ignores other causes. In addition, the number of Danish people in the south of Schleswig fluctuated again and again. While Danish was spoken up to a line between Husum and Schleswig in the early modern period , the language border soon moved further north. After the German-Danish War in 1864, Schleswig became part of Prussia, and the opportunities for Danish cultural and educational work were severely restricted by a repressive state cultural policy. In the referendum in 1920, 51,742 (80.2%) voted for Germany and 12,800 (19.8%) for Denmark in the second voting zone (in northern southern Schleswig). The Danish ethnic group in southern Schleswig comprised around 20,000 people at the beginning of the Weimar Republic . The Schleswig Association had 8,893 members in 1923; towards the end of the Nazi dictatorship this number had fallen to 2,728. After the Second World War, however, the numbers rose again and in 1947 even reached 75,000. The votes for Danish parties in political elections also increased. The numbers later stabilized at a lower level. The Südschleswigsche Verein, for example, has 13,000 members today.
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Individual evidence
- ↑ Dieter Felbick: Keywords of the post-war period 1945 - 1949. de Gruyter, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-11-017643-2 , pp. 504–506.
- ↑ Lars N. Henningsen: Between border conflict and border peace , Flensburg 2011, p. 82
- ↑ For example the following election palact from Süderbrarup of August 24, 1946: Despise these bacon pigs !!! Defend yourself! Germans wake up !! Germans buy from Germans !!! Boycott the business of the Bacon Danes !!!! Otherwise you fill the money bags of the traitors to the fatherland !!! (...) We will not rest until the last bacon is hung up. The candidates of the Danish list are also the first death row inmates !!! ; quoted from Florian Greßhake: Germany as a problem for Denmark. The material cultural heritage of the border region Sønderjylland-Schleswig since 1864 , Göttingen 2013, p. 268
- ↑ Arkiv.dk: Svavsted Danske Skole
- ↑ Jürgen Kühl: The Danish minority in Prussia and in the German Reich 1864-1914 , in: Hans Henning Hahn og Peter Kunze (ed.): National minorities and state minority policy in Germany in the 19th century , Berlin 1999, p. 131.
- ↑ Lars N. Henningsen (ed.): Sydslesvigs danske historie , Flensburg 2009, p. 108
- ↑ Lars N. Henningsen (ed.): Sydslesvigs danske historie , Flensburg 2009, p. 178