Special scaffolding

The special scaffolding is a sub-field of scaffolding . It includes all those special constructions that a scaffold builder adapts to the conditions on site in a way that deviates from the manufacturer's instructions for assembly and use. Often the scaffolding has to get by without anchoring in the masonry. In special scaffolding, therefore, high demands are placed on the professional planning and the technical competence of the scaffolders as well as on the logistics in difficult terrain.

Demarcation

There is no legally binding demarcation from scaffolding, but a general definition based on structural engineering and the proof of stability to be provided by the scaffold builder has become established. The Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Health (BetrSichV) prescribes special requirements for a construction that deviates from the standard design. Accordingly, the scaffold builder must always provide the proof of stability for a scaffold in special scaffolding as an individual proof.

Types of scaffolding in special scaffolding

Lowering scaffold / lowering platform

Both the set-off scaffold and the set-off platform are used to transport and store building materials at great heights. This special scaffolding offers a designated place on which machines and building materials can be set down by a construction crane . A stripping scaffold is also used to store and distribute materials that a construction elevator delivers to the desired location. The special scaffolding must ensure that the scaffolding can cope with the increased load.

Temporary bridge

A pedestrian bridge , cable bridge or pipe bridge is a free-standing scaffolding in special scaffolding that offers a connection via an obstacle. Pedestrian bridges are used when existing bridges are temporarily blocked or footpaths are to be separated from a construction site. Cable and pipe bridges carry electricity, gas or water over busy roads and railroad tracks to undeveloped construction areas without obstructing traffic. Typical spans of these temporary bridges are between 35 and 50 meters.

Bridge framework

A bridge framework is used for inspection, renovation or the construction of bridges. In order not to endanger the prestressing of modern bridges, bridge frameworks are attached in such a way that they do not damage the prestressing steel. Often the task of special scaffolding is to keep the two traffic routes below and above the bridge free and to protect them from falling building material. Rivers and roadways under the bridge limit the available standing space. In such cases, the scaffold builder uses pontoons or suspended scaffolding as a supplement.

Ceiling framework

Ceiling scaffolding is installed inside buildings in order to provide a work platform below the ceiling. Such a platform is mandatory in Germany for ceiling work from a working height of 2 meters. The ceiling scaffolding is usually created as a room scaffolding, which gets its stability by itself through struts. If the space below the ceiling scaffolding is to remain usable, the scaffolding erector will apply additional protective films to protect against dust and other protective measures.

Enclosure

An enclosure is primarily used to protect against emissions, i.e. to hold back dust, noise, pollutants or material that is flying around. Depending on the type of emission, the enclosure closes off the entire space around the emission source, for example with tear-proof tarpaulins, noise protection mats or shrink film. Extraction systems are also used in individual cases. The noise protection wall is a special form here, as the housing only has to guarantee noise protection in one direction, in the direction of the residents to be protected.

Escape stairs

According to German building law, the escape staircase counts as a necessary staircase. It is part of the escape routes and ensures that people can get outside from every floor. The use of an escape staircase can be temporary or long-term if existing escape routes are blocked by construction work or a building requires an additional escape staircase due to building redesignation. An escape staircase must meet special requirements in special scaffolding, such as providing protection from falling sideways, complying with specified dimensions or being provided with lighting.

Hanging scaffolding

A hanging scaffold does not come into contact with the ground and is attached directly to the bridge or building. It is used on unsafe ground, busy roads or great heights. If no anchoring can be set, the scaffolding erector will clamp the entire structure to the structure. The hanging rope frame is a special form in which a work platform is suspended from one or more ropes for quick relocation.

Industrial scaffolding

An industrial scaffolding is a modular scaffolding that the scaffolding constructor adapts to the irregular geometric requirements. It is used in the construction, inspection and renovation of complex industrial plants. Rescue workers use industrial scaffolding in the event of incidents and rescue operations, for example when a building ceiling threatens to collapse.

Falsework

A falsework serves as an auxiliary framework for shaping walls and arches. In concrete bridge construction it is used as formwork scaffolding for attaching the concrete formwork. The falsework supports the masonry or concrete until the materials used are strong enough to bear the forces themselves.

Weather protection roof

A weather protection roof protects against weather conditions such as rain, hail or snow. It allows you to work regardless of the weather, preserves sensitive systems and extends the service life of machines. In a simple embodiment it consists of a support frame and mounted on corrugated iron or piping - Plan .

Regulations

Since every special scaffolding has to be statically calculated individually, standards play a key role in special scaffolding. The most important standards for this type of scaffolding are:

DIN EN 39 System-independent steel tubes for use in shoring and work scaffolding
DIN EN 74 couplings, centering bolts and base plates for work and shoring
DIN 4420 work and protective scaffolding
DIN 4421 shoring
DIN 4422 Mobile working platforms
DIN 4426 facilities for the maintenance of structures
DIN 12810 construction of facade scaffolding
DIN 12811 Temporary constructions for buildings
DIN 12812 dimensioning and drafting of shoring
DIN 18451 scaffolding work