Standard curve

A standard curve , also ROT for English turn rate one is in the air transport is a graph in which the change direction of 3 ° per second. That is, the plane takes two minutes to complete a full circle .

The routes established by the air traffic control of an airport for the approach to landing are usually composed of straight lines and standard curves. The same applies to the transition from takeoff to climb . The ICAO stipulates that curves in holding loops are to be executed as standard curves or with a roll angle of 25 °. The requirement to be selected is that which leads to a lower inclination around the longitudinal axis .

Roll angle

Standard curve roll angle versus speed. The approximation is shown as a yellow line

The roll angle ( English bench-angle called), which is necessary for a standard curve depends on the speed of the aircraft from. The faster it is in relation to the air, the greater the lean angle must be in order to fly a full circle in two minutes. The roll angle can be calculated using the following formula: ${\displaystyle \beta }$

${\displaystyle \beta =\arctan \!\left({\frac {2\pi \,v_{\text{TAS}}}{g\,t_{\text{Kreis}}}}\right)}$

Here, the speed of the aircraft relative to the air, the time required for a full circle and the acceleration due to gravity . With a speed specification in knots , as is customary in civil aviation and the angular speed of 3 ° per second for a standard curve, this results approximately: ${\displaystyle v_{\text{TAS}}}$ ${\displaystyle t_{\text{Kreis}}}$ ${\displaystyle g}$

${\displaystyle \beta =\arctan \!\left({\frac {v_{\text{TAS}}}{364\;{\text{kt}}}}\right)}$

This formula can be further approximated in order to be able to calculate the value in your head:

${\displaystyle \beta ={\frac {v_{\text{TAS}}}{10\;{\text{kt}}}}+7^{\circ }}$

See also

• Turning

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Joachim Scheiderer: Applied flight performance: An introduction to operational flight performance from take-off to landing . Springer, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-72722-4 , pp. 183 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
2. ↑ Doc 8168, Procedures for Air Navigation Services ( Memento of the original from August 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.7 MB), 5th edition, 2006, volume 1, section 1.3.2 
3. ↑ For derivation of the formula, see curve flight