Stationary engine

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A stationary motor, also called a stationary motor, is used primarily to provide mechanical drive energy for industrial systems and machines. The resulting waste heat can also be used if necessary. Stationary motors can be installed stationary in or outside of buildings, as well as in vehicles. Examples of the latter are the diesel engines that are often used on ships to drive a generator. Stationary engines are never used to directly drive the vehicle on which they are installed. In diesel-electric locomotives or range extenders in motor vehicles, stationary motors generate electrical energy via a connected generator, which is used to feed an electric drive.

The essential criterion of a stationary engine today is therefore less the stationary use, but above all the non-dynamic design of the engine, in contrast to the internal combustion engine as a direct vehicle drive. Stationary engines are operated in a clearly defined, uniform and economical load range; in the areas of application of stationary engines, the rapidly successive load changes do not occur, as would be typical with vehicle drives.

With the stationary engine, the response behavior, which is difficult to control , in order to get from the most varied operating states to another operating state, is practically irrelevant and allows the stationary engine to be optimized for its narrowly defined area of ​​application.

The first internal combustion engines were designed and used as stationary engines due to their size and weight, until the technical development of the construction and the materials made it possible to reduce weight and volume and thus to use them in vehicles. Stationary motors were mainly used in smaller factories or handicraft businesses (where the installation and operation of a steam engine would have been too complex) to drive machines, as well as in agriculture. Due to the increasing spread of electricity, however, they were largely replaced by electric motors in this area until the middle of the 20th century .

Due to the rapid development of internal combustion engines, classic stationary engines have been pushed back more and more as a separate product line. Nowadays, mainly modified car and commercial vehicle engines are used as stationary engines, depending on the size, also those that are not intended for road vehicles but for ships or locomotives. Combined heat and power plants are a well-known example of the use of stationary engines.

Manufacturer (selection)

literature

  • Robert Bosch GmbH (Ed.): Diesel engine management. Systems and components, 3rd edition, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 978-3-322-99414-1 .
  • Andreas Scheiterlein: The structure of the high-speed internal combustion engine. Springer Verlag Wien GmbH, Vienna 1964.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marine Gensets. Accessed April 4, 2019 .