StepLag

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StepLag was a special camp of the MWD for political prisoners . These special bearings with strict regime were in the post-war period from 1948 through the Ministry of Interior MWD created (ex. NKVD) specific equipment generally gulag system in the Soviet Union . On June 26, 1954, the Kengir uprising broke out in the camp .

designation

StepLag, Russian Степлаг, was originally called Ossoblag No. 4 , d. H. Special camp No. 4 (from особый лагерь № 4, особлаг № 4). StepLag comes from Степной лагерь, d. H. Steppe camps , as it sometimes occurs in German sources; These designations for the originally numbered special bearings were only assigned later and mostly randomly, as a kind of code, mostly without any reference to reality. Степной d. H. “Steppen-” (as an adjective) was also the telegraph code that was assigned to the camp on May 10, 1948 and - as in numerous other cases - was then adopted as a cover name. The full full name of the camp was Степной ИТЛ for Степной исправительно-трудовой лагерь - steppe camps for reform and labor.

history

The StepLag camp was founded on the basis of Decree No. 00219 of the Ministry of the Interior MWD of February 21, 1948 and existed from February 28, 1948 to April 24, 1956; In 1954 it was converted into a corrective labor camp (ITL) .

Steplag was built on the site of the POW camp of the MWD Spassosawod-Camp No. 99, Russian Спасозаводский лагерь № 99 (also bearing Spassk 7099), the main bearing of the large POW complex Karaganda. (Now Qaraghandy ) in the Kazakh SSR . The location was Sheqasghan / Kengir . In 1952 there were five warehouse departments (warehouse points) in StepLag.

In May / June 1954 there was one of the largest uprisings in Soviet special camps, the Kengir uprising .

Responsibilities

The responsibilities for the warehouse were:

  • GULAG (main administration of the corrective labor camps and colonies) of the MWD from February 28, 1948
  • GTU (Head Office of Prisons) of the MWD from March 28, 1953
  • GULAG (main administration of the corrective labor camps and colonies) of the MWD from February 8, 1954
  • UITLK (Administration of Corrective Labor Camps and Colonies) of the MWD of the Kazakh SSR from September 17, 1955

activity

The prisoners were used for:

  • Works in the Sheqasghan copper combine and in the coal mine of Baikonur
  • in the copper smelter Balchasch (today Balqasch ) and in the east mine and shafts of Balkhasch
  • in the coal mine and in the Karsakpai copper works
  • Construction of residential buildings
  • Mining of manganese deposits
  • in quarries in the Rudnik, Krestowski u. a.
  • Working in the brick factory

and other activities

Occupant Numbers

The prisoner numbers for the StepLag camp:

  • 1948 - 5,713 (quarterly average)
  • January 1, 1949 - 18,572
  • January 1, 1950 - 27,855
  • Jan. 1, 1951 - 18,572
  • Jan. 1, 1952 - 23,089
  • Jan. 1, 1953 - 20,869
  • Jan. 1, 1954 - 21,090
  • Jan. 1, 1955 - 10,481
  • Jan. 1, 1956 - 7,603

Known inmates

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Vladimír Bystrov: Únosy československých občanů do Sovětského Svazu v letech 1945-1955 (kidnappings of Czechoslovak citizens in the Soviet Union 1945-1955). Edition Svědectví , ed. from Úřad dokumentace a vyšetřování zločinů komunismu ÚDV, an institution of the Ministry of Interior of the Czech Republic, Prague 2003, 343 pages, ISBN 80-7312-027-5 , online at: szcpv.org / ... , section xxxxx, page xxxxx.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Д.Шкапов: СТЕПНОЙ ЛАГЕРЬ . In: MB Smirnow (ed.): Система исправительно-трудовых лагерей в СССР (The system of corrective labor camps in the USSR 1923–1960). Zwenja, 1998. Online on the Мемориал portal (Memorial.ru) memo.ru / ... ; German version on the MEMORIAL Deutschland e. V .: Dmitri Shkapov : STEPPENLAGER . Online at: gulag.memorial.de / ...
  3. ↑ Приказ МВД СССР № 00219 “Об организации особых лагерей МВД” (Ordinance No. 00219 on the organization of special storage facilities of the MWD). Online at: alexanderyakovlev.org / ...
  4. ↑ POW camp 7099/1 . Online at: spassk7099

Web links

Coordinates: 47 ° 50 ′ 28 "  N , 67 ° 36 ′ 54"  E