Syrian citizenship
The Syrian citizenship is the legal affiliation of a natural person in the Syrian Arab Republic .
Historical
Until 1919, the Muslim population living in Syria was Ottoman subjects . The peace treaties of Sèvres in 1920 and Lausanne of August 1923 regulated the assignment of territory. Turks resident in such areas were usually given an option to stay. New nationalities were created for the sub-areas of the sub-states of the French League of Nations mandate for Syria and Lebanon , which were administered separately after 1926 .
Legal basis
The legal basis of Syrian citizenship is Syrian citizenship law, specifically Legislative Decree 276/1969, which was ratified on November 24, 1969 by the then President Nureddin al-Atassi . The law clarifies the conditions under which people are considered to be Syrian citizens and regulates the acquisition, inheritance and loss of Syrian citizenship.
Since the 1962 census in al-Hasakah , the majority of Kurds in Syria have been stateless , although at least the "Ajanib" ( Arabic أجانب ajanib ), registered foreigners, with Presidential Decree No. 49 of April 7, 2011, the acquisition of Syrian citizenship was facilitated.
Syria allows dual citizenship , but the state regards dual citizens primarily as Syrians.
Acquisition by birth
Syrian citizenship is inherited by descent from a Syrian father.
In principle, women cannot inherit Syrian citizenship. This is only possible in exceptional cases if the birth took place in Syria and the father is unknown. A child also becomes a Syrian if it was born in Syria and the nationality of its parents is unknown, the parents are stateless or the parents are foreigners and the child cannot pass on citizenship. A child of Syrian origin born abroad acquires Syrian citizenship if they would otherwise be stateless.
If children born abroad cannot prove their Syrian descent, for example by means of a birth certificate, statelessness occurs.
Acquisition through naturalization
Wives of Syrian men acquire Syrian citizenship if they have been married for at least two years and live in Syria during this time. Husbands of Syrian women do not have this right.
Other foreigners can acquire Syrian citizenship if they have lived in Syria for at least 10 years, have mastered the Arabic language , have not committed any crime for at least six months, have not suffered from dangerous diseases, and have served Syria or the Arab world.
loss
In principle, Syrian citizenship cannot be discarded unilaterally. Syrians can, however, with the consent of the government, be allowed to abandon them while acquiring a foreign one. However, a successful discharge or waiver process is practically rare.
In addition, the Syrian state can expatriate a person under certain circumstances , e.g. B. in matters of national security.
Web links
- Syria / Citizenship Publishing house for civil registry , electronic library ElBib (fee-based offer)
- Sophia Wirsching: Statelessness and its far-reaching consequences using the example of the Syrian conflict. Lecture series “Conflicts in the Present and Future”, Marburg, February 1, 2016
- Syria, Arab Republic: Information on legal reform for the naturalization of stateless persons ACCORD - Austrian Center for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation, 29 August 2011
Individual evidence
- ↑ For Lebanon: Ordinance 15 / S, for Syria 16 / S both of 19 Jan. 1925. In addition, transitional rules for Turks in Ordinance 2825 / 2825bis. English translation of the texts in Flournoy (1929), pp. 298-300.
- ↑ Robert Gloy: From Syria to Switzerland - without citizenship UNHCR Switzerland, May 7, 2018
- ↑ cf. VG Hannover, decision of March 22, 2011 - 10 A 1768/08
- ↑ a b Obtain a Syrian Citizenship. Retrieved January 7, 2019 (Australian English).
- ^ Syria on MultipleCitizenship.com. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
- ^ Syrian Law Journal. Retrieved January 7, 2019 (American English).
- ^ A b c d e SLJ: The Right to Syrian Nationality - Syrian Law Journal. Retrieved January 7, 2019 (American English).
- ^ Federal Office for Immigration and Asylum : Fact Finding Mission Report Syria with selected articles on Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq. August 2017, p. 15 f.
- ↑ Syria: Refugee Children Fear Statelessness Website of the UN Refugee Aid, November 4, 2014
- ↑ Dunja Ramadan: Lebanon: The Stateless Children of War Süddeutsche Zeitung , June 13, 2017
- ↑ Section 10, Paragraph 1, Clause 1, No. 4 of the Citizenship Act: “Loss or abandonment of the old citizenship” website of the Oberbergischer Kreis, accessed on January 9, 2019
- ↑ Theresa Martus: Does dual citizenship hinder integration? Westfälische Rundschau , August 10, 2018
