Teberda nature reserve
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Teberda nature reserve
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 Teberda nature reserve |
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| location | Caucasus , Russia | |
| surface | 851 km² | |
| WDPA ID | 1705 | |
| Geographical location | 43 ° 21 ' N , 41 ° 42' E | |
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| Setup date | 1936 | |
The Teberda Nature Reserve ( Russian Тебердинский заповедник ) is a Sapowednik in Karachay-Cherkessia in the west, Russian Caucasus . The altitude ranges from 1260 m at the confluence of the Mucha and Dschamagat rivers to Dombai-Ulgen at 4047 m. Only about 5% of the area is below 2000 m.
vegetation
The Caucasus region is unique in its high biodiversity among the temperate regions of the world. This is especially true of the plants, of which the reserve is home to more than 1300 species. One species of primroses ( Primula renifolia ) can only be found in the Teberda reserve. Due to the different altitudes, the reserve has a great variety of different habitats. The climatic zones that the reserve includes include boreal, warm temperate and arctic areas. In addition, Mediterranean and steppe-typical elements join. With increasing height, the forest belt is replaced by an area of dwarf birch and dwarf beech. From around 2500–2800 m one can find subalpine shrub areas and meadows. Alpine meadows are mainly between 2800 and 2900 m, but can reach up to 3200 m on some southern slopes. Further up, in the rock and ice region, only algae and lichens can withstand it. A third of the area is covered by forest. Meadows make up about 28%, glaciers 10% of the protected area area.
fauna
The reserve is home to a small population of the lowland Caucasus bison, some of which can be traced back to the extinct mountain wisent . About 50 of these wild cattle roam the forests and meadows. In addition, the Teberda Reserve is home to various other large animals. These include a stable population of around 2000 West Caucasian Turks and around 300 Caucasian chamois . The latter prefer to stay in the mountain forests, but in summer often graze on the meadows above the tree line. The native form of the red deer , the Caucasus maral, is less common. About 50 animals can be found in the area of the Kisgych River. Wild boars are comparatively common in the coniferous and beech forests. The most common large carnivore is the brown bear . Wolves and lynxes are less common . Smaller predators are the red fox , stone marten , pine marten , Eurasian badger , otter , wild cat , and ermine . At least 170 bird species have been identified, 87 of which breed in the area. The largest include the bearded vulture , golden eagle , black vulture and griffon vulture . With grass snakes , Orsini's viper , smooth snake , slow worm , sand lizard and rock lizard six reptile species are represented in the park.
