Tensegrity (architecture)

Tensegrity with three bars (here outer arches); the twelve ropes form an octahedron .

Tensegrity is an English case word made up of tension (tension) and integrity (wholeness, cohesion). It describes the invention of a stable framework , attributed to Richard Buckminster Fuller and Kenneth Snelson , in which the rods do not touch one another, but are only connected to one another by tension elements (for example ropes).

description

In the generalized case, the bars , which are only subjected to compressive stresses , are replaced by rigid bodies of any shape, in which bending and shear stresses are also generated by the connecting tension elements . One example is the spoke wheel , which was already known before the invention of the Tensegrity , which consists of a hub , spokes and rim . The thin spokes act here as pulling elements. The rigid bodies connected to one another are the hub and the rim. In the rim, when there is a radial load on the compressive stress, bending stress is also superimposed.

The authorship of this framework and some designs as spatial structures is controversial, as the Latvian constructivist Karl Ioganson is said to have experimented with these structures as early as the beginning of the 20th century .

Building on the tensegrity concept, the orthopedic surgeon Stephen M. Levin showed that similar principles can be applied to living systems and coined the term biotensegrity for this .

Individual evidence

^ Maria Gough: In the Laboratory of Constructivism: Karl Ioganson's Cold Structures . In: October . tape 84 , Spring, 1998, pp. 90–117 ( online [accessed March 11, 2013]).
^ Danièle-Claude Martin: Biotensegrität or the art of well-being. An Introduction , In: Qigong and Society , pp. 198–203.
↑ Stephen M. Levin, Danièle-Claude Martin: Biotensegrity - The Mechanics of Fascia , December 2012, DOI 10.1016 / B978-0-7020-3425-1.00054-4. In: Fascia - The dimensional network of the human body , Chapter: 3.5 Biotensegrity, The mechanics of fascia, Publisher: Churchill Livingstone, Editors: Schleip, Findly, Chaitow, Huijing, pp. 137-142.
↑ The Stephen M Levin Biotensegrity Archive. In: biotensegrityarchive.org. Accessed March 5, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : Tensegrity - collection of images, videos and audio files

University of Regensburg: Tensegrity figures

Tensegrity objects from around the world ( Memento from August 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive )

3D models of tensegrity structures Interactive visualizations, also viewable in VR glasses such as Google Daydream, Samsung Gear VR.

Tensegrity objects

[1] Maria Gough: In the Laboratory of Constructivism: Karl Ioganson's Cold Structures . In: October . tape 84 , Spring, 1998, pp. 90–117 ( online [accessed March 11, 2013]).

[2] Danièle-Claude Martin: Biotensegrität or the art of well-being. An Introduction , In: Qigong and Society , pp. 198–203.

[3] Stephen M. Levin, Danièle-Claude Martin: Biotensegrity - The Mechanics of Fascia , December 2012, DOI 10.1016 / B978-0-7020-3425-1.00054-4. In: Fascia - The dimensional network of the human body , Chapter: 3.5 Biotensegrity, The mechanics of fascia, Publisher: Churchill Livingstone, Editors: Schleip, Findly, Chaitow, Huijing, pp. 137-142.

[4] The Stephen M Levin Biotensegrity Archive. In: biotensegrityarchive.org. Accessed March 5, 2019 .