Marstall Munich

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Stables

The Marstall Munich , also known as the Former Riding School and Marstall , is an annex to the Munich Residence .

history

The building, now called the Marstall, is the royal riding school; the rest of the stables with carriage sheds and stables as well as administration were destroyed in the Second World War or demolished in the 1990s. The neoclassical building was under Colonel stall master of Kesling 1817-1822 by Leo von Klenze built to replace the former Tournament House, was in a raid of 24-25th April 1944, largely destroyed during the Second World War and rebuilt in 1969/70 while preserving the external form.

The building with the monumental arched portal, crowned with busts of Kastor and Pollux , is considered to be one of Klenze's most mature early works. The sculptural jewelry, eight round bronze reliefs with horse heads, between the window archivolts and the stone reliefs Battle of the Centaurs and Lapiths in the portal spandrels are works of Johann Martin von Wagner .

Aerial view with the left corner of the riding school building (in the picture top right the yellow building) in relation to the residence (below) and the courtyard garden (left). The lower (western) edge of the courtyard garden closes off the bazaar building, in the place of which the old tournament house stood. The U-shaped building to the left of the riding school takes up the layout of the former stable wing of the Marstall.

Original usage

In addition to the riding school building, now called Marstall Munich, Munich also had an "old Marstall" immediately south of the National Theater, built from around 1580 (the year in which the first chief stableman was appointed), which only served as a mint after the Marstall had moved is used today by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments , the actual "new" Marstall as the successor building complex to the old Marstall, which flanked the riding school building on both sides and in an L-shape (plus Remisen on the opposite side of Marstallstrasse), the Marstall in Nymphenburg Palace , which today the above-mentioned Marstallmuseum holds, as well as another Marstall at Lustheim Palace , of which only a single building (the beautiful stable ) has survived, which only offered space for about 16 horses, and stables in the Old Schleissheim Palace .

The Marstall had a considerable number of employees, fluctuating over time with the importance of Bavaria. The following can be counted in hierarchical order among the riding staff:

Colonel stable master, vice stable master or noble stable master (both positions were not always present in history), if necessary stable master (some stable masters were previously chief riders), chief riders, riders and riders.

At the end of the monarchy in 1918, the number of vehicles was around 300; some of them are no longer roadworthy. Most recently, motor vehicles were also managed by the stables.

Munich's first Marstallmuseum

From 1923 to 1940 the Marstallmuseum was located here , which is now housed in the south wing of the Nymphenburg Palace . At the instigation of Christian Weber , the building was then taken over by the State Opera.

Experimental stage with side rooms

Today the Marstall serves as a backdrop house, workshop building and study stage for the Residenztheater , Marstall .

literature

  • Josef H. Biller, Hans-Peter Rasp: Munich Art & Culture Lexicon. City guide and manual . W. Ludwig Verlag im Südwest Verlag, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-7787-2133-X .
  • Court and State Manual of the Electorate and from 1806 of the Kingdom of Bavaria . available e.g. B. (incomplete) in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek .

Web links

Commons : Marstall München  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Susanne Rieger, Gerhard Jochem: The air war against Munich . November 1, 2007.
  2. ↑ Manfred Hummel: The night in which the bombers came . In: sueddeutsche.de of May 11, 2007.

Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 25 ″  N , 11 ° 34 ′ 54.5 ″  E