Antioch school
The Antiochene School , also known as the Antiochene School of Exegesis , is a theological school in particular of Bible exegesis from the early days of Christianity .
Alignment
The Antiochian School advocated a sober exegesis of the biblical scriptures and rejected the allegorical interpretation. In this way it stood in opposition to the idealistic and speculative exegesis of the Alexandrian school . The antagonism between the two schools became a pronounced dogmatic dispute during the Origenistic and Nestorian disputes. While the Antiochene School clung to the separation of the two natures of Christ , the Alexandrian School tended towards a Monophysite view .
Founder and representative
Dorotheos and Lukian , two presbyters from Antioch in Syria, are named as founders of the school . Its most important representatives included Cyril of Jerusalem , Diodorus of Tarsus and his pupil Theodor of Mopsuestia and the Patriarch John Chrysostom of Constantinople. Even Arius , the founder of the eponymous Arian controversy , probably acquired his education as a student of the presbyter and martyr Lucian in this school.
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Early Antiochian School
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Later School of Antioch
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In their exegesis, Basil of Caesarea and Gregory of Nazianzen can also be assigned to the Antiochene school. One of the clearest criticisms of the allegorical interpretation of the Bible in early church history comes from Basil :
“I know the laws of allegory, less from myself than from the works of others. There are actually those who do not recognize the normal sense of Scripture, for whom water is not water but some other substance, who see in a plant or a fish what their imagination desires, who change the kind of reptiles and wild animals with it they fit into their allegories, like dream interpreters who explain visions in sleep to serve their own ends. For me grass is grass; Plant, fish, wild animal, domestic animal, I take everything in the literal sense. "
literature
- Peter Gemeinhardt : The Tomus ad Antiochenos (362) and the variety of orthodox theologies in the 4th century . In: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte 117, 2006, ISSN 0044-2925 , pp. 169–196.
- Phillip Hergenröther : The Antiochian school and its importance in the exegetical field . Stahel, Würzburg 1866.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Article Antiochenische Schule in: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 1, Leipzig 1905.