Deep water
Deep water is that part of the groundwater that is separated from the near-surface groundwater by one or more water-insoluble layers.
Synonyms of deep water are “deep groundwater”, “deep groundwater” and “dead water”.
The formation of new deep water occurs much more slowly than that of groundwater near the surface. As a result, it remains underground for much longer and reaches an age of at least several decades to several millennia. Its oxygen content is considerably lower than that of groundwater near the surface. Instead, the iron and manganese content is increased, so that drinking water quality can generally only be achieved through treatment.
While “groundwater” is clearly defined as “any water underground”, the term deep water is not always used consistently. One source reports that mineral water mostly comes from deeper groundwater layers, while a number of other sources postulate that "mineral water ... is separated from the groundwater by at least one impermeable layer". This connection between mineral water and deep water is often established through pictures or videos. Elsewhere, deep water is defined as the opposite of surface water . It is legally stipulated that mineral water is obtained from groundwater.
An essential criterion that turns groundwater into deep water is the length of stay and the associated low regeneration capacity. Therefore, it is often not recommended to use deep water.
Further use of the term
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Use of deep groundwater, Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Leaflet No. 1.4 / 6, as of June 28, 1995
- ^ Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit mbH, August 2001 - Report within the scope of the project "Technical support of the BMU working group for the selection of repository locations"
- ↑ Use of deep groundwater, Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Leaflet No. 1.4 / 6, as of June 28, 1995
- ↑ Bundesverband Geothermie, term deep water in the lexicon of geothermal energy, accessed on January 27, 2016
- ^ Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit mbH, August 2001 - Report within the scope of the project "Technical support of the BMU working group for the selection of repository locations"
- ↑ Wasser-Wissen-Lexikon, keyword mineral water
- ↑ Beverage Post, Beverage News, accessed on January 27, 2016 ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Gesundheit.de, water - spoiled for choice, accessed on January 27, 2016
- ↑ Brochure Water is not the same as water from the Information Center for German Mineral Water, Bonn 2001 ( Memento of the original from October 26, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Brochure revitalization for body and soul , Püls private brewery, accessed on January 27, 2016
- ↑ Information Center for German Mineral Water, Topics: Natural product mineral water, Nature makes the difference - how mineral water is made, accessed on January 27, 2016
- ↑ Lebensmittellexikon.de, Beverages - Non-Alcoholic Drinks - Water - Mineral Water, accessed on January 27, 2016
- ↑ Ordinance on natural mineral water, spring water and table water, Section 2, Section 2 Definition
- ↑ Use of deep groundwater, Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Leaflet No. 1.4 / 6, as of June 28, 1995
- ↑ Dissertation by Iulia Ghergut, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 2003
- ↑ Use of deep groundwater, Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Leaflet No. 1.4 / 6, as of June 28, 1995
- ↑ Citizens' Initiative Viersen-Hamm eV, Nitrate Content in Drinking Water, December 1, 2004
- ↑ bundesregierung.de: geothermal energy
- ↑ International Economic Forum for Regenerative Energies (IWR), iwr.de: Geothermal Systems
- ↑ energie-lexikon.info: RP-Energie-Lexikon
