Tikun Olam
Tikun Olam ( Hebrew תיקון עולם Repair of the World ), often also Tikkun Olam or Tiqqun Olam, is a concept originally developed in the early period of rabbinic Judaism , which was later taken up in Kabbalah and received new meanings during the Middle Ages as well as other meanings in modern currents of Judaism.
In the Jewish liturgy , the expression letakken Olam (“world improvement ”) appears in the daily closing prayer Alenu as an expression of messianic hope.
The word tikun has a special meaning in the teachings of Kabbalah. Eradication of the blemish, restoration of harmony, was the meaning assigned to the word by the Qabalistic successors of the Zohar . This meant those religious acts of Israel that would help to overcome a separation between God and the Shechina . In the context of the teachings of Isaac Lurias , the tikun stood for actions that redeem the divine powers from the consequences of the primal catastrophe called the “ breaking of the vessels ”.
literature
- Essays
- Geoffrey Claussen, Pinhas, the Quest for Purity, and the Dangers of Tikkun Olam , in Tikkun Olam: Judaism, Humanism and Transcendence , ed. David Birnbaum and Martin S. Cohen (New York: New Paradigm Matrix Publishing, 2015), 475– 501
- Lawrence Fine: Tikkun olam in contemporary Jewish thought. In: Jacob Neusner (Ed.): From ancient Israel to modern Judaism. Intellect in quest of understanding; essays in honor of Martin Fox. Vol. 4: The modern age. Theology, literature, history. Scholars Press, Atlanta, Ga. 1989.
- Bernard Kahane: Tikkun olam. How a Jewish ethos drives innovation. In: The journal of management development. Vol. 31 (2012), ISSN 0262-1711 , pp. 938-947.
- Michael L. Morgan: Tikkun olam. In: Dan Diner (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Jewish History and Culture (EJGK). Volume 6: Ta-Z. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2015, ISBN 978-3-476-02506-7 , pp. 102-106.
- Idith Zerkal: Tikkun Olam, the worlds heal. About art and politics in Dani Karavan's work . In: Fritz Jacobi (Ed.): Dani Karavan Retrospective. Wasmuth, Tübingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-8030-3325-3 , pp. 356-361.
- Monographs
- Elliot N. Dorff: The way into Tikkun Olam (repairing the world). Jewish Lights Publishing, Woodstock, Vt. 2005, ISBN 1-58023-269-8 .
- Sharon D. Halper: To learn is to do. A Tikkun roadmap. UAHC Press, New York 2000, ISBN 0-8074-0729-1 .
- David Shatz (Ed.): Tikkun olam. Social responsibility in Jewish thought and law . Aronson Books, Northvale, N.J. 1997, ISBN 0-7657-5951-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gershom Scholem : The Jewish mysticism in its main currents. Zurich 1957 (Frankfurt am Main 1967), p. 253 f.
- ↑ Joseph Dan: Kabbalah. A very short introduction. New York 2006, p. 57.