Tyrol and Fridebrant
When King Tirol and Fridebrant is three fragments that might otherwise not the same traditional novel from the mid / are from the late 13th century.
Lore
The texts summarized under the title “Tyrol and Fridebrant” come from two different lines of tradition. The riddle and didactic poems are preserved in the Codex Manesse (C) from the front of the eighth to the back of the ninth leaf in 45 stanzas. The epic fragments can be found in the Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz in Berlin under the Sigle Grimm-Nachlass 127.1 (G). These are parts of two parchment double sheets that were in two columns or possibly originally in three columns. Of this text, 18 stanzas have been preserved in full and 39 in fragments.
Dating
The authorship is uncertain. Since the author of at least the epic fragments borrows heavily from Wolfram von Eschenbach , the original novel must have been written after his work and apparently before the Wartburg War, i.e. around 1270/1280. The riddle poem can be based on an allusion to Emperor Friedrich II . to the middle of the 13th century, before his death. Based on the dialect, it can be said that the author of the didactic poem and the epic fragments came from eastern central Germany (Thuringia, Hesse).
content
There are three parts: the riddle poem (C, Str. 1–24), the didactic poem (C, Str. 25–45) and the epic fragments (G).
The riddle poem contains two bîspels , short poetic didactic pieces that Fridebrant is supposed to interpret for his father, a king who is not named. The two riddles refer to Daniel's visions. The first vision features a green and a dry tree towering over the forest. The second vision deals with the mill motif. Fridebrant interprets both visions as metaphors for priests - the dry tree stands for the wrong one, while the green tree stands for a good priest. The emphasis on the priesthood is also in the foreground when interpreting the mill motif.
The didactic poem contains teachings from a king to his son on how a king should behave towards his subjects. A threat to national borders serves as an example.
The epic fragments seem to be part of an adventure novel in the style of Wolfram von Eschenbach, but a continuous plot cannot be identified from the text passages. Topics include the capture of two giants, the court festival of a queen and the report on a fight against dwarfs. The action probably takes place in the Orient, including elephants and camels.
Evaluation by research
The question remains whether the three fragments were actually part of a novel or whether they come from different contexts. The epic fragments are apparently parts of a courtly König-Tirol and Fridebrant novel. For novels of the period, it is not uncommon for an didactic poem like the second fragment to be included. While the older research also considers the spiritual enigma to be part of the novel, the more recent research assumes that the didactic poem was disseminated independently of the rest of the novel and that the enigma was added. Without knowing the original König-Tirol and Fridebrant novel in full, this question may not remain to be finally clarified.
literature
- Jacob Grimm: Tyrol and Fridebrant , in: Moritz Haupt (Ed.): Journal for German Antiquity and German Literature (ZfdA) 1, Leipzig 1841, pp. 7-20.
- Harry Maync : The old German fragments of King Tyrol and Fridebrant, an investigation , Tübingen 1910 (H. Maync, S. Singer (Ed.): Language and poetry. Research on linguistics and literary studies 1).
- Heinrich Meyer-Benfey (Ed.): Middle High German Exercise Pieces , Halle an der Saale 2nd edition 1920, pp. 140–144.
- Albert Leitzmann (Ed.), Reworked by Ingo Reiffenstein: Winsbeckische Gedichte along with Tyrol and Fridebrant , Tübingen third edition 1962 (ATB 9).
- Ingo Reiffenstein: König Tirol , in Kurt Ruh (Hrsg.): The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author's Lexicon, Volume 5, Berlin 1985, columns 94-98.
- Peter Jörg Becker: The German manuscripts of the Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz Berlin up to the year 1410. An overview , in: Volker Honemann, Nigel F. Palmer (ed.): Deutsche Handschriften 1100–1400. Oxford Colloquium 1985, Tübingen 1988, pp. 330–341, here p. 336.
- Horst Brunner and Burghart Wachinger (eds.): Repertory of Sangsprüche and master songs from the 12th to 18th centuries, Volume 1: Introduction, tradition , edited by Frieder Schanze and Burghart Wachinger, Tübingen 1994, p. 92.
Web links
- Heidelberg, University Library, Cpg 848, Bl. 8r to 9v, Digitalisat Digitalisat, Heidelberg University Library , Digitalisat, Heidelberg University Library , Digitalisat, Heidelberg University Library , Digitalisat, Heidelberg University Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Harry Maync: The old German fragments of King Tirol and Fridebrant, an investigation. Tübingen 1910 (H. Maync, S. Singer (Ed.): Language and Poetry. Research on Linguistics and Literary Studies 1), p. 101 ff.
- ^ Ingo Reiffenstein: König Tirol , in: Kurt Ruh (Ed.): The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author's Lexicon , Volume 5, Berlin 1985, Col. 95 f.